K.S.A. Chapter 21 - Article 66
Current through end of 2023 legislative session
21-6601 Construction.
21-6602 Classification of misdemeanors and terms of confinement; possible disposition.
21-6603 Definitions.
21-6604 Authorized dispositions, crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993.
21-6605 Custody of persons sentenced to confinement; notice of modification of sentence.
21-6606 Multiple sentences; defendant subject to or under sentence in federal court or court of another state.
21-6607 Conditions of probation or suspended sentence.
21-6608 Period of suspension of sentence, probation or assignment to community corrections; parole of misdemeanant; duration of probation in felony cases, modification or extension.
21-6609 House arrest program; eligibility; methods; notice to law enforcement officers; administration.
21-6610 Transfer of supervision of person paroled, on probation, assigned to community corrections or under suspended sentence.
21-6611 Fines; crimes committed on and after July 1, 1993
21-6612 Criteria for imposing fines.
21-6613 Rights of imprisoned persons; restoration.
21-6614 Expungement of certain convictions, arrest records and diversion agreements.
21-6615 Deduction of time spent in confinement.
21-6616 Parole from sentence imposed by district magistrate judge.
21-6617 Same; proceeding to determine if person shall be sentenced to death; notice; trial judge; jury.
21-6618 Persons convicted of capital murder, sentencing.
21-6619 Same; automatic review by and appeal to supreme court.
21-6620 Sentencing of certain persons to mandatory term of imprisonment of 40 or 50 years; determination; evidence presented; balance of aggravating and mitigating circumstances.
21-6621 Sentencing of certain persons to mandatory term of imprisonment of 40 years; juveniles prosecuted as adults.
21-6622 Capital murder; persons determined to be mentally retarded.
21-6623 Imposition of sentence of mandatory imprisonment of 40 years or 50 years.
21-6624 Same; aggravating circumstances.
21-6625 Persons convicted of capital murder; mitigating circumstances.
21-6626 Aggravated habitual sex offender; sentence to imprisonment for life without parole.
21-6627 Mandatory term of imprisonment of 25 or 40 years for certain sex offenders; exceptions.
21-6628 Modification of sentence previously determined under act; when.
21-6629 Same; provisions of K.S.A. 21-4622 through 21-4630 supplemental to Kansas criminal code; application of such provisions.
21-6630 Mental illness stemming from service in a combat zone.
K.S.A. 21-6601 through 21-6629, and amendments thereto, shall be liberally construed to the end that persons convicted of crime shall be dealt with in accordance with their individual characteristics, circumstances, needs and potentialities as revealed by case studies; that dangerous offenders shall be correctively treated in custody for long terms as needed; and that other offenders shall be dealt with by probation, suspended sentence, fine or assignment to a community correctional services program whenever such disposition appears practicable and not detrimental to the needs of public safety and the welfare of the offender, or shall be committed for at least a minimum term within the limits provided by law.
History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-4601; L. 1986, ch. 123, § 4; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 241, July 1, 2011.
21-6602. Classification of misdemeanors and terms of confinement; possible disposition.
(a) For the purpose of sentencing, the following classes of misdemeanors and the punishment and the terms of confinement authorized for each class are established:
(1) Class A, the sentence for which shall be a definite term of confinement in the county jail which shall be fixed by the court and shall not exceed one year;
(2) class B, the sentence for which shall be a definite term of confinement in the county jail which shall be fixed by the court and shall not exceed six months;
(3) class C, the sentence for which shall be a definite term of confinement in the county jail which shall be fixed by the court and shall not exceed one month; and
(4) unclassified misdemeanors, which shall include all crimes declared to be misdemeanors without specification as to class, the sentence for which shall be in accordance with the sentence specified in the statute that defines the crime; if no penalty is provided in such law, the sentence shall be the same penalty as provided herein for a class C misdemeanor.
(b) Upon conviction of a misdemeanor, a person may be punished by a fine, as provided in K.S.A. 21-6611, and amendments thereto, instead of or in addition to confinement, as provided in this section.
(c) In addition to or in lieu of any other sentence authorized by law, whenever there is evidence that the act constituting the misdemeanor was substantially related to the possession, use or ingestion of cereal malt beverage or alcoholic liquor by such person, the court may order such person to attend and satisfactorily complete an alcohol or drug education or training program certified by the chief judge of the judicial district or licensed by the secretary for aging and disability services.
(d) Except as provided in subsection (e), in addition to or in lieu of any other sentence authorized by law, whenever a person is convicted of having committed, while under 21 years of age, a misdemeanor under K.S.A. 8-1599, 41-719 or 41-727 or K.S.A. 2010 Supp. 21-36a01 through 21-36a17, and amendments thereto, the court shall order such person to submit to and complete an alcohol and drug evaluation by a community-based alcohol and drug safety action program certified pursuant to K.S.A. 8-1008, and amendments thereto, and to pay a fee not to exceed the fee established by that statute for such evaluation. If the court finds that the person is indigent, the fee may be waived.
(e) If the person is 18 or more years of age but less than 21 years of age and is convicted of a violation of K.S.A. 41-727, and amendments thereto, involving cereal malt beverage, the provisions of subsection (d) are permissive and not mandatory.
History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-4502; L. 1977, ch. 117, § 2; L. 1979, ch. 90, § 4; L. 1989, ch. 95, § 4; L. 1996, ch. 211, § 5; L. 1999, ch. 57, § 28; L. 2009, ch. 32, § 31, L. 2010, ch. 136, § 242, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 62, L. 2014, ch. 115, § 23; July 1.
As used in K.S.A. 2011 Supp. 21-6601 through 21-6616, 21-6702 through 21-6712, and 21-6801 through 21-6805, and amendments thereto:
(a) "Court" means any court having jurisdiction and power to sentence offenders for violations of the laws of this state;
(b) "community correctional services program" means a program which operates under the community corrections act and to which a defendant is assigned for supervision, confinement, detention, care or treatment, subject to conditions imposed by the court. A defendant assigned to a community correctional services program shall be subject to the continuing jurisdiction of the court and in no event shall be considered to be in the custody of or under the supervision of the secretary of corrections;
(c) "correctional institution" means any correctional institution established by the state for the confinement of offenders, and under control of the secretary of corrections;
(d) "house arrest" is an individualized program in which the freedom of an inmate is restricted within the community, home or noninstitutional residential placement and specific sanctions are imposed and enforced. "House arrest" may include:
(1) Electronic monitoring which requires a transmitter to be worn by the defendant or inmate which broadcasts an encoded signal to the receiver located in the defendant’s or inmate’s home. The receiver is connected to a central office computer and is notified of any absence of the defendant or inmate; or
(2) voice identification-encoder which consists of an encoder worn by the defendant or inmate. A computer is programmed to randomly call the defendant or inmate and such defendant or inmate is required to provide voice identification and then insert the encoder into the verifier box, confirming identity;
(e) "parole" means the release of a prisoner to the community by the prisoner review board prior to the expiration of such prisoner’s term, subject to conditions imposed by the board and to the secretary of correction’s supervision. Parole also means the release by a court of competent jurisdiction of a person confined in the county jail or other local place of detention after conviction and prior to expiration of such person’s term, subject to conditions imposed by the court and its supervision. Where a court or other authority has filed a warrant against the prisoner, the prisoner review board or paroling court may release the prisoner on parole to answer the warrant of such court or authority;
(f) "postrelease supervision," for crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993, means the same as in K.S.A. 21-6803, and amendments thereto;
(g) "probation" means a procedure under which a defendant, convicted of a crime, is released by the court after imposition of sentence, without imprisonment except as provided in felony cases, subject to conditions imposed by the court and subject to the supervision of the probation service of the court or community corrections. In felony cases, the court may include confinement in a county jail not to exceed 60 days, which need not be served consecutively, as a condition of an original probation sentence and up to 60 days in a county jail upon each revocation of the probation sentence pursuant to subsection (b)(3) of K.S.A. 21-6702, and amendments thereto; and
(h) "suspension of sentence" means a procedure under which a defendant, convicted of a crime, is released by the court without imposition of sentence. The release may be with or without supervision in the discretion of the court. In felony cases, the court may include confinement in a county jail not to exceed 60 days, which need not be served consecutively, as a condition of suspension of sentence pursuant to subsection (b)(4) of K.S.A. 21-4603, and amendments thereto.
History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-4602; L. 1973, ch. 339, § 74; L. 1983, ch. 284, § 2; L. 1986, ch. 123, § 5; L. 1987, ch. 335, § 4; L. 1988, ch. 115, § 7; L. 1990, ch. 309, § 12; L. 1991, ch. 88, § 1; L. 1991, ch. 89, § 3; L. 1992, ch. 245, § 2; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 181; L. 2000, Ch. 182, § 1; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 243, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 63, L. 2012, ch. 16, § 3; July 1.
21-6604. Authorized dispositions, crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993.
(a) Whenever any person has been found guilty of a crime, the court may adjudge any of the following:
(1) Commit the defendant to the custody of the secretary of corrections if the current crime of conviction is a felony and the sentence presumes imprisonment, or the sentence imposed is a dispositional departure to imprisonment; or, if confinement is for a misdemeanor, to jail for the term provided by law;
(2) impose the fine applicable to the offense, and may impose the provisions of subsection (q);
(3) release the defendant on probation if the current crime of conviction and criminal history fall within a presumptive nonprison category or through a departure for substantial and compelling reasons subject to such conditions as the court may deem appropriate. In felony cases the court may include confinement in a county jail not to exceed 60 days, which need not be served consecutively, as a condition of an original probation sentence;
(4) assign the defendant to a community correctional services program as provided in K.S.A. 75-5291, and amendments thereto, or through a departure for substantial and compelling reasons subject to such conditions as the court may deem appropriate, including orders requiring full or partial restitution;
(5) assign the defendant to a conservation camp for a period not to exceed six months as a condition of probation followed by a six-month period of follow-up through adult intensive supervision by a community correctional services program, if the offender successfully completes the conservation camp program;
(6) assign the defendant to a house arrest program pursuant to K.S.A. 2021 Supp. 21-6609, and amendments thereto;
(7) order the defendant to attend and satisfactorily complete an alcohol or drug education or training program as provided by K.S.A. 2021 Supp. 21-6602(c), and amendments thereto;
(8) order the defendant to repay the amount of any reward paid by any crime stoppers chapter, individual, corporation or public entity that materially aided in the apprehension or conviction of the defendant; repay the amount of any costs and expenses incurred by any law enforcement agency in the apprehension of the defendant, if one of the current crimes of conviction of the defendant includes escape from custody or aggravated escape from custody, as defined in K.S.A. 21-5911, and amendments thereto; repay expenses incurred by a fire district, fire department or fire company responding to a fire that has been determined to be arson or aggravated arson under K.S.A. 21-5812, and amendments thereto, if the defendant is convicted of such crime; repay the amount of any public funds utilized by a law enforcement agency to purchase controlled substances from the defendant during the investigation that leads to the defendant’s conviction; or repay the amount of any medical costs and expenses incurred by any law enforcement agency or county. Such repayment of the amount of any such costs and expenses incurred by a county, law enforcement agency, fire district, fire department or fire company or any public funds utilized by a law enforcement agency shall be deposited and credited to the same fund from which the public funds were credited to prior to use by the county, law enforcement agency, fire district, fire department or fire company;
(9) order the defendant to pay the administrative fee authorized by K.S.A. 22-4529, and amendments thereto, unless waived by the court;
(10) order the defendant to pay a domestic violence special program fee authorized by K.S.A. 20-369, and amendments thereto;
(11) if the defendant is convicted of a misdemeanor or convicted of a felony specified in K.S.A. 21-6804(i), and amendments thereto, assign the defendant to work release program, other than a program at a correctional institution under the control of the secretary of corrections as defined in K.S.A. 75-5202, and amendments thereto, provided such work release program requires such defendant to return to confinement at the end of each day in the work release program. On a second or subsequent conviction of K.S.A. 8-1567, and amendments thereto, an offender placed into a work release program shall serve the total number of hours of confinement mandated by that section;
(12) order the defendant to pay the full amount of unpaid costs associated with the conditions of release of the appearance bond under K.S.A. 22-2802, and amendments thereto;
(13) order the defendant to participate in a specialty court program pursuant to section 1 of 2022 House Bill No. 2361, and amendments thereto;
(14) impose any appropriate combination of paragraphs (1) through (13); or
(15) suspend imposition of sentence in misdemeanor cases.
(b) (1) In addition to or in lieu of any of the above, the court shall order the defendant to pay restitution, which shall include, but not be limited to, damage or loss caused by the defendant’s crime. Restitution shall be due immediately unless: (A) The court orders that the defendant be given a specified time to pay or be allowed to pay in specified installments; or (B) the court finds compelling circumstances that would render restitution unworkable, either in whole or in part. In regard to a violation of K.S.A. 21-6107, and amendments thereto, such damage or loss shall include, but not be limited to, attorney fees and costs incurred to repair the credit history or rating of the person whose personal identification documents were obtained and used in violation of such section, and to satisfy a debt, lien or other obligation incurred by the person whose personal identification documents were obtained and used in violation of such section. In regard to a violation of K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-5801, 21-5807, 21-5813, or 21-5818, and amendments thereto, such damage or loss shall include the cost of repair or replacement of the property that was damaged, the reasonable cost of any loss of production, crops and livestock, reasonable labor costs of any kind, reasonable material costs of any kind and any reasonable costs that are attributed to equipment that is used to abate or repair the damage to the property. If the court finds restitution unworkable, either in whole or in part, the court shall state on the record in detail the reasons therefor.
(2) If the court orders restitution, the restitution shall be a judgment against the defendant that may be collected by the court by garnishment as provided in article 7 of chapter 60 of the Kansas Statutes Annotated, and amendments thereto, or other execution. If, after 60 days from the date restitution is ordered by the court, a defendant is found to be in noncompliance with the restitution order, the court shall assign an agent procured by the judicial administrator pursuant to K.S.A. 20-169, and amendments thereto, to collect the restitution on behalf of the victim. The chief judge of each judicial district may assign such cases to an appropriate division of the court for the conduct of collection proceedings
(3) If a restitution order entered prior to June 11, 2020 does not give the defendant a specified time to pay or set payment in specified installments, the defendant may file a motion with the court prior to December 31, 2020, proposing payment of restitution inspecified installments. The court may recall the restitution order from the agent assigned pursuant to K.S.A. 20-169, and amendments thereto,until the court rules on such motion. If the court does not orderpayment in specified installments or if the defendant does not file a motion prior to December 31, 2020, the restitution shall be due immediately.
(c) In addition to or in lieu of any of the above, the court shall order the defendant to submit to and complete an alcohol and drug evaluation, and pay a fee therefor, when required by K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-6602(d), and amendments thereto.
(d) In addition to any of the above, the court shall order the defendant to reimburse the county general fund for all or a part of the expenditures by the county to provide counsel and other defense services to the defendant. Any such reimbursement to the county shall be paid only after any order for restitution has been paid in full. In determining the amount and method of payment of such sum, the court shall take account of the financial resources of the defendant and the nature of the burden that payment of such sum will impose. A defendant who has been required to pay such sum and who is not willfully in default in the payment thereof may at any time petition the court that sentenced the defendant to waive payment of such sum or any unpaid portion thereof. If it appears to the satisfaction of the court that payment of the amount due will impose manifest hardship on the defendant or the defendant’s immediate family, the court may waive payment of all or part of the amount due or modify the method of payment.
(e) In releasing a defendant on probation, the court shall direct that the defendant be under the supervision of a court services officer. If the court commits the defendant to the custody of the secretary of corrections or to jail, the court may specify in its order the amount of restitution to be paid and the person to whom it shall be paid if restitution is later ordered as a condition of parole, conditional release or postrelease supervision.
(f) (1) When a new felony is committed while the offender is incarcerated and serving a sentence for a felony, or while the offender is on probation, assignment to a community correctional services program, parole, conditional release or postrelease supervision for a felony, a new sentence shall be imposed consecutively pursuant to the provisions of 2018 Supp. K.S.A. 21-6606, and amendments thereto, and the court may sentence the offender to imprisonment for the new conviction, even when the new crime of conviction otherwise presumes a nonprison sentence. In this event, imposition of a prison sentence for the new crime does not constitute a departure.
(2) When a new felony is committed during a period of time when the offender would have been on probation, assignment to a community correctional services program, parole, conditional release or postrelease supervision for a felony had the offender not been granted release by the court pursuant to K.S.A. 2021 Supp. 21-6608(d), and amendments thereto, or the prisoner review board pursuant to K.S.A. 22-3717, and amendments thereto, the court may sentence the offender to imprisonment for the new conviction, even when the new crime of conviction otherwise presumes a nonprison sentence. In this event, imposition of a prison sentence for the new crime does not constitute a departure.
(3) When a new felony is committed while the offender is incarcerated in a juvenile correctional facility pursuant to K.S.A. 38-1671 prior to its repeal or K.S.A. 2021 Supp. 38-2373, and amendments thereto, for an offense, which if committed by an adult would constitute the commission of a felony, upon conviction, the court shall sentence the offender to imprisonment for the new conviction, even when the new crime of conviction otherwise presumes a nonprison sentence. In this event, imposition of a prison sentence for the new crime does not constitute a departure. The conviction shall operate as a full and complete discharge from any obligations, except for an order of restitution, imposed on the offender arising from the offense for which the offender was committed to a juvenile correctional facility.
(4) When a new felony is committed while the offender is on release for a felony pursuant to the provisions of article 28 of chapter 22 of the Kansas Statutes Annotated, and amendments thereto, or similar provisions of the laws of another jurisdiction, a new sentence may be imposed consecutively pursuant to the provisions of K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-6606, and amendments thereto, and the court may sentence the offender to imprisonment for the new conviction, even when the new crime of conviction otherwise presumes a nonprison sentence. In this event, imposition of a prison sentence for the new crime does not constitute a departure.
(g) Prior to imposing a dispositional departure for a defendant whose offense is classified in the presumptive nonprison grid block of either sentencing guideline grid, prior to sentencing a defendant to incarceration whose offense is classified in grid blocks 5-H, 5-I or 6-G of the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes, in grid blocks 3-E, 3-F, 3-G, 3-H or 3-I of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed prior to July 1, 2012, or in grid blocks 4-E, 4-F, 4-G, 4-H or 4-I of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed on or after July 1, 2012, prior to sentencing a defendant to incarceration whose offense is classified in grid blocks 4-E or 4-F of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed prior to July 1, 2012, or in grid blocks 5-C, 5-D, 5-E or 5-F of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed on or after July 1, 2012, and whose offense does not meet the requirements of K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-6824, and amendments thereto, prior to revocation of a nonprison sanction of a defendant whose offense is classified in grid blocks 4-E or 4-F of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed prior to July 1, 2012, or in grid blocks 5-C, 5-D, 5-E or 5-F of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed on or after July 1, 2012, and whose offense does not meet the requirements of K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-6824, and amendments thereto, or prior to revocation of a nonprison sanction of a defendant whose offense is classified in the presumptive nonprison grid block of either sentencing guideline grid or grid blocks 5-H, 5-I or 6-G of the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes , in grid blocks 3-E, 3-F, 3-G, 3-H or 3-I of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed prior to July 1, 2012, or in grid blocks 4-E, 4-F, 4-G, 4-H or 4-I of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed on or after July 1, 2012, the court shall consider placement of the defendant in the Labette correctional conservation camp, conservation camps established by the secretary of corrections pursuant to K.S.A. 75-52,127, and amendments thereto, or a community intermediate sanction center. Pursuant to this subsection the defendant shall not be sentenced to imprisonment if space is available in a conservation camp or community intermediate sanction center and the defendant meets all of the conservation camp’s or a community intermediate sanction center’s placement criteria unless the court states on the record the reasons for not placing the defendant in a conservation camp or a community intermediate sanction center.
(h) In committing a defendant to the custody of the secretary of corrections, the court shall fix a term of confinement within the limits provided by law. In those cases where the law does not fix a term of confinement for the crime for which the defendant was convicted, the court shall fix the term of such confinement.
(i) In addition to any of the above, the court shall order the defendant to reimburse the state general fund for all or a part of the expenditures by the state board of indigents’ defense services to provide counsel and other defense services to the defendant. In determining the amount and method of payment of such sum, the court shall take account of the financial resources of the defendant and the nature of the burden that payment of such sum will impose. A defendant who has been required to pay such sum and who is not willfully in default in the payment thereof may at any time petition the court that sentenced the defendant to waive payment of such sum or any unpaid portion thereof. If it appears to the satisfaction of the court that payment of the amount due will impose manifest hardship on the defendant or the defendant’s immediate family, the court may waive payment of all or part of the amount due or modify the method of payment. The amount of attorney fees to be included in the court order for reimbursement shall be the amount claimed by appointed counsel on the payment voucher for indigents’ defense services or the amount prescribed by the board of indigents’ defense services reimbursement tables as provided in K.S.A. 22-4522, and amendments thereto, whichever is less.
(j) This section shall not deprive the court of any authority conferred by any other Kansas statute to decree a forfeiture of property, suspend or cancel a license, remove a person from office or impose any other civil penalty as a result of conviction of crime.
(k) An application for or acceptance of probation or assignment to a community correctional services program shall not constitute an acquiescence in the judgment for purpose of appeal, and any convicted person may appeal from such conviction, as provided by law, without regard to whether such person has applied for probation, suspended sentence or assignment to a community correctional services program.
(l)(1)The secretary of corrections is authorized to make direct placement to the Labette correctional conservation camp or a conservation camp established by the secretary pursuant to K.S.A. 75-52,127, and amendments thereto, of an inmate sentenced to the secretary’s custody if the inmate:
(A) Has been sentenced to the secretary for a probation revocation, as a departure from the presumptive nonimprisonment grid block of either sentencing grid, for an offense that is classified in grid blocks 5- H, 5-I, or 6-G of the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes or , in grid blocks 3-E, 3-F, 3-G, 3-H or 3-I of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed prior to July 1, 2012, in grid blocks 4-E, 4-F, 4-G, 4-H or 4-I of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed on or after July 1, 2012, or for an offense that is classified in grid blocks 4-E or 4-F of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed prior to July 1, 2012, or in grid blocks 5-C, 5-D, 5-E or 5-F of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed on or after July 1, 2012, and such offense does not meet the requirements of K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-6824, and amendments thereto; and
(B) otherwise meets admission criteria of the camp.
(2) If the inmate successfully completes a conservation camp program, the secretary of corrections shall report such completion to the sentencing court and the county or district attorney. The inmate shall then be assigned by the court to six months of follow-up supervision conducted by the appropriate community corrections services program. The court may also order that supervision continue thereafter for the length of time authorized by K.S.A. 21-6824, and amendments thereto.
(m) When it is provided by law that a person shall be sentenced pursuant to K.S.A. 1993 Supp. 21-4628, prior to its repeal, the provisions of this section shall not apply.
(n) (1) Except as provided by K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-6630 and 21-6805(f), and amendments thereto, in addition to any of the above, for felony violations of K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-5706, and amendments thereto, the court shall require the defendant who meets the requirements established in K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-6824, and amendments thereto, to participate in a certified drug abuse treatment program, as provided in K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 75-52,144, and amendments thereto, including, but not limited to, an approved after-care plan. The amount of time spent participating in such program shall not be credited as service on the underlying prison sentence. (2) If the defendant fails to participate in or has a pattern of intentional conduct that demonstrates the defendant’s refusal to comply with or participate in the treatment program, as established by judicial finding, the defendant shall be subject to sanction or revocation pursuant to the provisions of K.S.A. 22-3716, and amendments thereto. If the defendant’s probation is revoked, the defendant shall serve the underlying prison sentence as established in K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-6824, and amendments thereto.
(A) Except as provided in subsection (n)(2)(B), for those offenders who are convicted on or after July 1, 2003, but prior to July 1, 2013, upon completion of the underlying prison sentence, the offender shall not be subject to a period of postrelease supervision.
(B) Offenders whose crime of conviction was committed on or after July 1, 2013, and whose probation is revoked pursuant to K.S.A. 22-3716 (c), and amendments thereto, or whose underlying prison term expires while serving a sanction pursuant to K.S.A. 22-3716(c)(1), and amendments thereto, shall serve a period of postrelease supervision upon the completion of the underlying prison term.
(o) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (3), in addition to any other penalty or disposition imposed by law, upon a conviction for unlawful possession of a controlled substance or controlled substance analog in violation of K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-5706, and amendments thereto, in which the trier of fact makes a finding that the unlawful possession occurred while transporting the controlled substance or controlled substance analog in any vehicle upon a highway or street, the offender’s driver’s license or privilege to operate a motor vehicle on the streets and highways of this state shall be suspended for one year.
(2) Upon suspension of a license pursuant to this subsection, the court shall require the person to surrender the license to the court, which shall transmit the license to the division of motor vehicles of the department of revenue, to be retained until the period of suspension expires. At that time, the licensee may apply to the division for return of the license. If the license has expired, the person may apply for a new license, which shall be issued promptly upon payment of the proper fee and satisfaction of other conditions established by law for obtaining a license unless another suspension or revocation of the person’s privilege to operate a motor vehicle is in effect.
(3) (A) In lieu of suspending the driver’s license or privilege to operate a motor vehicle on the highways of this state of any person as provided in paragraph (1), the judge of the court in which such person was convicted may enter an order that places conditions on such person’s privilege of operating a motor vehicle on the highways of this state, a certified copy of which such person shall be required to carry any time such person is operating a motor vehicle on the highways of this state. Any such order shall prescribe the duration of the conditions imposed, which in no event shall be for a period of more than one year.
(B) Upon entering an order restricting a person’s license hereunder, the judge shall require such person to surrender such person’s driver’s license to the judge who shall cause it to be transmitted to the division of vehicles, together with a copy of the order. Upon receipt thereof, the division of vehicles shall issue without charge a driver’s license which shall indicate on its face that conditions have been imposed on such person’s privilege of operating a motor vehicle and that a certified copy of the order imposing such conditions is required to be carried by the person for whom the license was issued any time such person is operating a motor vehicle on the highways of this state. If the person convicted is a nonresident, the judge shall cause a copy of the order to be transmitted to the division and the division shall forward a copy of it to the motor vehicle administrator, of such person’s state of residence. Such judge shall furnish to any person whose driver’s license has had conditions imposed on it under this paragraph a copy of the order, which shall be recognized as a valid Kansas driver’s license until such time as the division shall issue the restricted license provided for in this paragraph.
(C) Upon expiration of the period of time for which conditions are imposed pursuant to this subsection, the licensee may apply to the division for the return of the license previously surrendered by such licensee. In the event such license has expired, such person may apply to the division for a new license, which shall be issued immediately by the division upon payment of the proper fee and satisfaction of the other conditions established by law, unless such person’s privilege to operate a motor vehicle on the highways of this state has been suspended or revoked prior thereto. If any person shall violate any of the conditions imposed under this paragraph, such person’s driver’s license or privilege to operate a motor vehicle on the highways of this state shall be revoked for a period of not less than 60 days nor more than one year by the judge of the court in which such person is convicted of violating such conditions.
(4) As used in this subsection, "highway" and "street" mean the same as in K.S.A. 8-1424 and 8-1473, and amendments thereto.
(p) In addition to any of the above, for any criminal offense that includes the domestic violence designation pursuant to K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 22-4616, and amendments thereto, the court shall require the defendant to: (1) Undergo a domestic violence offender assessment conducted by a certified batterer intervention program; and (2) follow all recommendations made by such program, unless otherwise ordered by the court or the department of corrections. The court may order a domestic violence offender assessment and any other evaluation prior to sentencing if the assessment or evaluation would assist the court in determining an appropriate sentence. The entity completing the assessment or evaluation shall provide the assessment or evaluation and recommendations to the court and the court shall provide the domestic violence offender assessment to any entity responsible for supervising such defendant. A defendant ordered to undergo a domestic violence offender assessment shall be required to pay for the assessment and, unless otherwise ordered by the court or the department of corrections, for completion of all recommendations.
(q) In imposing a fine, the court may authorize the payment thereof in installments. In lieu of payment of any fine imposed, the court may order that the person perform community service specified by the court. The person shall receive a credit on the fine imposed in an amount equal to $5 for each full hour spent by the person in the specified community service. The community service ordered by the court shall be required to be performed by the later of one year after the fine is imposed or one year after release from imprisonment or jail, or by an earlier date specified by the court. If by the required date the person performs an insufficient amount of community service to reduce to zero the portion of the fine required to be paid by the person, the remaining balance shall become due on that date. If conditional reduction of any fine is rescinded by the court for any reason, then pursuant to the court’s order the person may be ordered to perform community service by one year after the date of such rescission or by an earlier date specified by the court. If by the required date the person performs an insufficient amount of community service to reduce to zero the portion of the fine required to be paid by the person, the remaining balance of the fine shall become due on that date. All credits for community service shall be subject to review and approval by the court.
(r) In addition to any other penalty or disposition imposed by law, for any defendant sentenced to imprisonment pursuant to K.S.A. 21-4643, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-6627, and amendments thereto, for crimes committed on or after July 1, 2006, the court shall order that the defendant be electronically monitored upon release from imprisonment for the duration of the defendant’s natural life and that the defendant shall reimburse the state for all or part of the cost of such monitoring as determined by the prisoner review board.
(s) Whenever the court has released the defendant on probation pursuant to subsection (a)(3), the defendant’s supervising court services officer, with the concurrence of the chief court services officer, may impose the violation sanctions as provided in K.S.A. 22-3716(c)(1)(B), and amendments thereto, without further order of the court, unless the defendant, after being apprised of the right to a revocation hearing before the court pursuant to K.S.A. 22-3716(b), and amendments thereto, refuses to waive such right.
(t) Whenever the court has assigned the defendant to a community correctional services program pursuant to subsection (a)(4), the defendant’s community corrections officer, with the concurrence of the community corrections director, may impose the violation sanctions as provided in K.S.A. 22-3716(c)(1)(B), and amendments thereto, without further order of the court unless the defendant, after being apprised of the right to a revocation hearing before the court pursuant to K.S.A. 22-3716(b), and amendments thereto, refuses to waive such right.
(u) In addition to any of the above, the court shall authorize an additional 18 days of confinement in a county jail to be reserved for sanctions as set forth in K.S.A. 22-3716(b)(3)(B), (b)(4) or (c)(1)(B), and amendments thereto.
(v) The amendments made to this section by section 1 of chapter 9 of the 2020 Session Laws of Kansasare procedural in nature and shall be contrued and applied retroactively.
History: L. 1992, ch. 239, § 238; L. 1993, ch. 165, § 1; L. 1994, ch. 21, § 2; L. 1994, ch. 348, § 10; L. 1995, ch. 121, § 1; L. 1995, ch. 257, § 1; L. 1996, ch. 195, § 2; L. 1997, ch. 34, § 1; L. 1997, ch. 181, § 18; L. 1998, ch. 186, § 2; L. 1999, ch. 164, § 13; L. 2000, ch. 182, § 3; L. 2001, ch. 177, § 8; L. 2002, ch. 19, § 2; L. 2003, ch. 135, § 3; L. 2005, ch. 150, § 5; L. 2006, ch. 149, § 7; L. 2007, ch. 198, § 4; L. 2009, ch. 132, § 8; L. 2010, ch. 41, §1; L. 2010, ch. 101, § 7, July 1, 2011; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 244, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 66; L. 2011, ch. 46, §1; L. 2011, ch. 91, § 36, L. 2011, ch. 100, § 18, L. 2012, ch. 2, § 16; L. 2012 ch. 32, § 1; L. 2012, ch. 150, § 29; L. 2012, ch. 172, § 28; L. 2013, ch. 76, § 1; L. 2014, ch. 102, § 4; L. 2014, ch. 95, § 4; L. 2015, ch. 96, § 10; L. 2018, ch. 106, § 23, L. 2019, ch. 59, § 8; L. 2020, ch. 9, § 1; L. 2021, ch. 40, § 3; L. 2022, ch. 80, § 17; L. 2022, ch. 31, § 2; L. 2022, ch. 79, § 3; L. 2022, ch. 88, § 2; July 1.
21-6605. Custody of persons sentenced to confinement; notice of modification of sentence.
(a) When a person is sentenced to imprisonment upon conviction of a felony, the judgment of the court shall order that such person be committed, for such term or terms as the court may direct, to the custody of the secretary of corrections. When such person is sentenced to the custody of the secretary of corrections and such sentence is subsequently modified in any respect, including discharge of such defendant from custody, by a court of this state having jurisdiction of such matter, such court shall thereupon notify the secretary of corrections of the nature of such modification.
(b) The secretary of corrections may designate as the place of confinement any available and suitable correctional institution or facility maintained by the state of Kansas or a political subdivision thereof.
(c) Any person serving a sentence of imprisonment may be transferred from one institution to another by order of the secretary of corrections.
History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-4609; L. 1972, ch. 317, § 99; L. 1973, ch. 339, § 71; L. 1976, ch. 160, § 1; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 245, July 1, 2011.
21-6606. Multiple sentences; defendant subject to or under sentence in federal court or court of another state.
(a) When separate sentences of imprisonment for different crimes are imposed on a defendant on the same date, including sentences for crimes for which suspended sentences, probation or assignment to a community correctional services program have been revoked, such sentences shall run concurrently or consecutively as the court directs. Whenever the record is silent as to the manner in which two or more sentences imposed at the same time shall be served, they shall be served concurrently, except as otherwise provided in subsections (c), (d) and (e).
(b) Any person who is convicted and sentenced for a crime committed while on probation, assignment to a community correctional services program, parole or conditional release for a misdemeanor shall serve the sentence concurrently with or consecutively to the term or terms under which the person was on probation, assigned to a community correctional services program or on parole or conditional release, as the court directs.
(c) Any person who is convicted and sentenced for a crime committed while on probation, assigned to a community correctional services program, on parole, on conditional release or on postrelease supervision for a felony shall serve the sentence consecutively to the term or terms under which the person was on probation, assigned to a community correctional services program or on parole or conditional release.
(d) Any person who is convicted and sentenced for a crime committed while on release for a felony pursuant to article 28 of chapter 22 of the Kansas Statutes Annotated, and amendments thereto, shall serve the sentence consecutively to the term or terms under which the person was released.
(e) (1) Any person who is convicted and sentenced for a crime committed while such person is incarcerated and serving a sentence for a felony in any place of incarceration shall serve the sentence consecutively to the term or terms under which the person was incarcerated.
(2) If a person is sentenced to prison for a crime committed on or after July 1, 1993, while the person was imprisoned for an offense committed prior to July 1, 1993, and the person is not eligible for the retroactive application of the sentencing guidelines act, the new sentence shall not be aggregated with the old sentence but shall begin when the person is paroled or reaches the conditional release date on the old sentence, whichever is earlier. If the offender was past the offender’s conditional release date at the time the new offense was committed, the new sentence shall not be aggregated with the old sentence but shall begin when the person is ordered released by the prisoner review board or reaches the maximum sentence date on the old sentence, whichever is earlier. The new sentence shall then be served as otherwise provided by law. The period of post incarceration supervision shall be based on the longest term of post incarceration supervision imposed for all crimes upon which sentence was imposed or until discharged from supervision by the prisoner review board. The term of post incarceration supervision imposed by this paragraph shall apply retroactively to crimes committed prior to July 1, 2008.
(3) As used in this subsection, "post incarceration supervision" includes parole and postrelease supervision.
(f) The provisions of this subsection relating to parole eligibility shall be applicable to persons convicted of crimes committed prior to January 1, 1979, but shall be applicable to persons convicted of crimes committed on or after that date only to the extent that the terms of this subsection are not in conflict with the provisions of K.S.A. 22-3717, and amendments thereto. In calculating the time to be served on concurrent and consecutive sentences, the following rules shall apply:
(1) When indeterminate terms run concurrently, the shorter minimum terms merge in and are satisfied by serving the longest minimum term and the shorter maximum terms merge in and are satisfied by conditional release or discharge on the longest maximum term if the terms are imposed on the same date.
(2) When concurrent terms are imposed on different dates, computation will be made to determine which term or terms require the longest period of imprisonment to reach parole eligibility, conditional release and maximum dates, and that sentence will be considered the controlling sentence. The parole eligibility date may be computed and projected on one sentence and the conditional release date and maximum may be computed and projected from another to determine the controlling sentence.
(3) When indeterminate terms imposed on the same date are to be served consecutively, the minimum terms are added to arrive at an aggregate minimum to be served equal to the sum of all minimum terms and the maximum terms are added to arrive at an aggregate maximum equal to the sum of all maximum terms.
(4) When indeterminate sentences are imposed to be served consecutively to sentences previously imposed in any other court or the sentencing court, the aggregated minimums and maximums shall be computed from the effective date of the subsequent sentences which have been imposed as consecutive. For the purpose of determining the sentence begins date and the parole eligibility and conditional release dates, the inmate shall be given credit on the aggregate sentence for time spent imprisoned on the previous sentences, but not exceeding an amount equal to the previous minimum sentence less the maximum amount of good time credit that could have been earned on the minimum sentence. For the purpose of computing the maximum date, the inmate shall be given credit for all time spent imprisoned on the previous sentence. This method for computation of the maximum sentence shall be utilized for all sentences computed pursuant to this subsection after July 1, 1983. Nothing in this subsection (f)(4) shall affect the authority of the prisoner review board to determine the parole eligibility of inmates pursuant to subsection (d) of K.S.A. 22-3717, and amendments thereto.
(5) When consecutive sentences are imposed which are to be served consecutive to sentences for which a prisoner has been on probation, assigned to a community correctional services program, on parole or on conditional release, the amount of time served on probation, on assignment to a community correctional services program, on parole or on conditional release shall not be credited as service on the aggregate sentence in determining the parole eligibility, conditional release and maximum dates, except that credit shall be given for any amount of time spent in a residential facility while on probation or assignment to a community correctional residential services program.
(g) When a definite and an indefinite term run consecutively, the period of the definite term is added to both the minimum and maximum of the indeterminate term and both sentences are satisfied by serving the indeterminate term. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993.
(h) When a defendant is sentenced in a state court and is also under sentence from a federal court or other state court or is subject to sentence in a federal court or other state court for an offense committed prior to the defendant’s sentence in a Kansas state court, the court may direct that custody of the defendant may be relinquished to federal or other state authorities and that such state sentences as are imposed may run concurrently with any federal or other state sentence imposed.
History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-4608; L. 1978, ch. 120, § 8; L. 1982, ch. 150, § 1; L. 1983, ch. 111, § 1; L. 1985, ch. 111, § 1; L. 1986, ch. 123, § 9; L. 1987, ch. 113, § 1; L. 1989, ch. 92, § 24; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 243; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 272; L. 1994, ch. 291, § 47; L. 2008, ch. 183, § 3; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 246, L. 2012, ch. 16, § 4; L. 2013, ch. 76, § 2; July 1.
21-6607. Conditions of probation or suspended sentence.
(a) Except as required by subsection (c), nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the authority of the court to impose or modify any general or specific conditions of probation, suspension of sentence or assignment to a community correctional services program. The court services officer or community correctional services officer may recommend, and the court may order, the imposition of any conditions of probation, suspension of sentence or assignment to a community correctional services program. For crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993, in presumptive nonprison cases, the court services officer or community correctional services officer may recommend, and the court may order, the imposition of any conditions of probation or assignment to a community correctional services program. The court may at any time order the modification of such conditions, after notice to the court services officer or community correctional services officer and an opportunity for such officer to be heard thereon. The court shall cause a copy of any such order to be delivered to the court services officer and the probationer or to the community correctional services officer and the community corrections participant, as the case may be. The provisions of K.S.A. 75-5291, and amendments thereto, shall be applicable to any assignment to a community correctional services program pursuant to this section.
(b) The court may impose any conditions of probation, suspension of sentence or assignment to a community correctional services program that the court deems proper, including, but not limited to, requiring that the defendant:
(1) Avoid such injurious or vicious habits, as directed by the court, court services officer or community correctional services officer;
(2) avoid such persons or places of disreputable or harmful character, as directed by the court, court services officer or community correctional services officer;
(3) report to the court services officer or community correctional services officer as directed;
(4) permit the court services officer or community correctional services officer to visit the defendant at home or elsewhere;
(5) work faithfully at suitable employment insofar as possible;
(6) remain within the state unless the court grants permission to leave;
(7) pay a fine or costs, applicable to the offense, in one or several sums and in the manner as directed by the court;
(8) support the defendant’s dependents;
(9) reside in a residential facility located in the community and participate in educational, counseling, work and other correctional or rehabilitative programs;
(10) perform community or public service work for local governmental agencies, private corporations organized not for profit, or charitable or social service organizations performing services for the community;
(11) perform services under a system of day fines whereby the defendant is required to satisfy fines, costs or reparation or restitution obligations by performing services for a period of days, determined by the court on the basis of ability to pay, standard of living, support obligations and other factors;
(12) participate in a house arrest program pursuant to K.S.A. 21-6609, and amendments thereto;
(13) order the defendant to pay the administrative fee authorized by K.S.A. 22-4529, and amendments thereto, unless waived by the court; or
(14) in felony cases, except for violations of K.S.A. 8-1567, and amendments thereto, be confined in a county jail not to exceed 60 days, which need not be served consecutively.
(c) In addition to any other conditions of probation, suspension of sentence or assignment to a community correctional services program, the court shall order the defendant to comply with each of the following conditions:
(1) The defendant shall obey all laws of the United States, the state of Kansas and any other jurisdiction to the laws of which the defendant may be subject;
(2) make reparation or restitution to the aggrieved party for the damage or loss caused by the defendant’s crime in accordance with K.S.A. 2019 Supp. 21-6604(b), and amendments thereto;
(3) (A) pay a correctional supervision fee of $60 if the person was convicted of a misdemeanor or a fee of $120 if the person was convicted of a felony. In any case the amount of the correctional supervision fee specified by this paragraph may be reduced or waived by the judge if the person is unable to pay that amount;
(B) the correctional supervision fee imposed by this paragraph shall be charged and collected by the district court. The clerk of the district court shall remit all revenues received under this paragraph from correctional supervision fees to the state treasurer in accordance with the provisions of K.S.A. 75-4215, and amendments thereto. Upon receipt of each such remittance, the state treasurer shall deposit the entire amount in the state treasury to the credit of the state general fund a sum equal to 41.67% of such remittance, and to the correctional supervision fund, a sum equal to 58.33% of such remittance;
(C) this paragraph shall apply to persons placed on felony or misdemeanor probation or released on misdemeanor parole to reside in Kansas and supervised by Kansas court services officers under the interstate compact for offender supervision; and
(D) This paragraph shall not apply to persons placed on probation or released on parole to reside in Kansas under the uniform act for out-of-state parolee supervision;
(4) reimburse the state general fund for all or a part of the expenditures by the state board of indigents’ defense services to provide counsel and other defense services to the defendant. In determining the amount and method of payment of such sum, the court shall take account of the financial resources of the defendant and the nature of the burden that payment of such sum will impose. A defendant who has been required to pay such sum and who is not willfully in default in the payment thereof may at any time petition the court which sentenced the defendant to waive payment of such sum or of any unpaid portion thereof. If it appears to the satisfaction of the court that payment of the amount due will impose manifest hardship on the defendant or the defendant’s immediate family, the court may waive payment of all or part of the amount due or modify the method of payment. The amount of attorney fees to be included in the court order for reimbursement shall be the amount claimed by appointed counsel on the payment voucher for indigents’ defense services or the amount prescribed by the board of indigents’ defense services reimbursement tables as provided in K.S.A. 22-4522, and amendments thereto, whichever is less.
(5) be subject to searches of the defendant’s person, effects, vehicle, residence and property by a court services officer, a community correctional services officer and any other law enforcement officer based on reasonable suspicion of the defendant violating conditions of probation or criminal activity; and
(6) be subject to random, but reasonable, tests for drug and alcohol consumption as ordered by a court services officer or community correctional services officer.
(d) Any law enforcement officer conducting a search pursuant to subsection (c)(5) shall submit a written report to the appropriate court services officer or community correctional services officer no later than the close of the next business day after such search. The written report shall include the facts leading to such search, the scope of such search and any findings resulting from such search.
(e) There is hereby established in the state treasury the correctional supervision fund. All moneys credited to the correctional supervision fund shall be used for (1) the implementation of and training for use of a statewide, mandatory, standardized risk assessment tool or instrument as specified by the Kansas sentencing commission, pursuant to K.S.A. 75-5291, and amendments thereto; (2) the implementation of and training for use of a statewide, mandatory, standardized risk assessment tool or instrument for juveniles adjudicated to be juvenile offenders; and (3) evidence-based adult and juvenile offender supervision programs by judicial branch personnel. If all expenditures for the program have been paid and moneys remain in the correctional supervision fund for a fiscal year, remaining moneys may be expended from the correctional supervision fund to support adult and juvenile offender supervision by court services officers. All expenditures from the correctional supervision fund shall be made in accordance with appropriation acts upon warrants of the director of accounts and reports issued pursuant to vouchers approved by the chief justice of the Kansas supreme court or by a person or persons designated by the chief justice.
History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-4610; L. 1972, ch. 317, § 100; L. 1976, ch. 169, § 1; L. 1978, ch. 120, § 9; L. 1981, ch. 147, § 1; L. 1983, ch. 112, § 1; L. 1984, ch. 126, §§ 1, 2; L. 1986, ch. 128, § 2; L. 1986, ch. 123, §§ 10, 11; L. 1986, ch. 136; § 2; L. 1988, ch. 115, § 9; L. 1991, ch. 88, § 3; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 244; L. 1993, ch. 259, § 14; L. 1995, ch. 257, § 2; L. 1997, ch. 181, § 19; L. 2000, ch. 182, § 5; L. 2001, ch. 5, § 81; L. 2010, ch. 73, § 2, L. 2010, ch. 136, § 247, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 64, L. 2012, ch. 70, § 1;L. 2014, ch. 126, § 4; L. 2020, ch. 9, § 2; June 11.
21-6608. Period of suspension of sentence, probation or assignment to community corrections; parole of misdemeanant; duration of probation in felony cases, modification or extension.
(a) The period of suspension of sentence, probation or assignment to community corrections fixed by the court shall not exceed two years in misdemeanor cases, subject to renewal and extension for additional fixed periods of two years. Probation, suspension of sentence or assignment to community corrections may be terminated by the court at any time and upon such termination or upon termination by expiration of the term of probation, suspension of sentence or assignment to community corrections, an order to this effect shall be entered by the court.
(b) The district court having jurisdiction of the offender may parole any misdemeanant sentenced to confinement in the county jail. The period of such parole shall be fixed by the court and shall not exceed two years and shall be terminated in the manner provided for termination of suspended sentence and probation.
(c) For all crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993, the duration of probation in felony cases sentenced for the following severity levels on the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes and the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes is as follows:
(1) For nondrug crimes the recommended duration of probations is:
(A) 36 months for crimes in crime severity levels 1 through 5; and
(B) 24 months for crimes in crime severity levels 6 and 7;
(2) for drug crimes the recommended duration of probation is 36 months for crimes in crime severity levels 1 and 2 committed prior to July 1, 2012, and crimes in crime severity levels 1, 2 and 3 committed on or after July 1, 2012;
(3) except as provided further, in felony cases sentenced at severity levels 9 and 10 on the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes and, severity level 4 on the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed prior to July 1, 2012, and severity level 5 of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed on or after July 1, 2012, if a non-prison sanction is imposed, the court shall order the defendant to serve a period of probation of up to 12 months in length;
(4) in felony cases sentenced at severity level 8 on the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes, severity level 3 on the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed prior to July 1, 2012, and severity level 4 of the sentencing guidelines grid for drug crimes committed on or after July 1, 2012, and felony cases sentenced pursuant to K.S.A. 2011 Supp. 21-6824, and amendments thereto, if a nonprison sanction is imposed, the court shall order the defendant to serve a period of probation, or assignment to a community correctional services program, as provided under K.S.A. 75-5291 et seq., and amendments thereto, of up to 18 months in length;
(5) if the court finds and sets forth with particularity the reasons for finding that the safety of the members of the public will be jeopardized or that the welfare of the inmate will not be served by the length of the probation terms provided in subsections (c)(3) and (c)(4), the court may impose a longer period of probation. Such an increase shall not be considered a departure and shall not be subject to appeal;
(6) except as provided in subsections (c)(7) and (c)(8), the total period in all cases shall not exceed 60 months, or the maximum period of the prison sentence that could be imposed whichever is longer. Nonprison sentences may be terminated by the court at any time;
(7) if the defendant is convicted of nonsupport of a child, the period may be continued as long as the responsibility for support continues. If the defendant is ordered to pay full or partial restitution, the period may be continued as long as the amount of restitution ordered has not been paid; and
(8) the court may modify or extend the offender’s period of supervision, pursuant to a modification hearing and a judicial finding of necessity. Such extensions may be made for a maximum period of five years or the maximum period of the prison sentence that could be imposed, whichever is longer, inclusive of the original supervision term.
(d) In addition to the provisions of subsection (a), a defendant who has a risk assessment of low risk, has paid all restitution and has been compliant with the terms of probation, assignment to a community correctional services program, suspension of sentence or nonprison sanction for a period of 12 months shall be eligible for discharge from such period of supervision by the court. The court shall grant such discharge unless the court finds by clear and convincing evidence that denial of such discharge will serve community safety interests.
History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-4611; L. 1977, ch. 118, § 1; L. 1978, ch. 120, § 10; L. 1986, ch. 123, § 12; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 245; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 185; L. 1996, ch. 258, § 4; L. 2000, ch. 182, § 6; L. 2009, ch. 132, § 9; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 248, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 65, L. 2012, ch. 150, § 30; L. 2013, ch. 76, § 3; L. 2014, ch. 102, § 5; July 1.
21-6609. House arrest program; eligibility; methods; notice to law enforcement officers; administration.
(a) The court or the secretary of corrections may implement a house arrest program for defendants or inmates being sentenced by the court or in the custody of the secretary of corrections, or as a sanction for offenders who have failed to comply with the conditions of probation, parole or postrelease supervision, except:
(1) No defendant shall be placed by the court under house arrest if found guilty of:
(A) Any crime designated as a class A or B felony in article 34 or 35 of the Kansas Statutes Annotated, prior to their repeal;
(B) subsection (b) of K.S.A. 21-5604, and amendments thereto;
(C) K.S.A. 21-5602, and amendments thereto;
(D) any off-grid felony; or
(E) any nondrug crime ranked in severity levels 1 through 5 or any felony ranked in severity levels 1 through 3 of the drug grid, unless the offender has been sentenced to probation;
(2) no inmate shall be placed under house arrest if such inmate’s security status is greater than minimum security; or
(3) no inmate shall be placed under house arrest who has been denied parole by the prisoner review board within the last 6 months. Any inmate who, while participating in the house arrest program, is denied parole by the prisoner review board shall be allowed to remain under house arrest until the completion of the sentence or until the inmate is otherwise removed from the program.
(b) At the time of placement of an inmate under house arrest, the court, secretary or house arrest staff shall provide written notification to the sheriff and district or county attorney of the county in which any person under house arrest is to be placed and to the chief law enforcement officer of any incorporated city or town in which such person is to be placed of the placement of the person under house arrest within the county or incorporated city or town.
(c) House arrest sanctions shall be administered by the court and the secretary of corrections, respectively, through rules and regulations, and may include, but are not limited to, rehabilitative restitution in money or in kind, curfew, revocation or suspension of the driver’s license, community service, deprivation of nonessential activities or privileges, or other appropriate restraints on the inmate’s liberty.
(d) Upon placement in a house arrest program, the court, secretary or house arrest staff shall inform the offender, and any other people residing with such offender, of the nature and extent of such house arrest monitoring, and shall obtain the written agreement of such offender to comply with all requirements of the program.
(e) The offender shall remain within the property boundaries of the offender’s residence at all times during the term of house arrest, except as provided under the house arrest agreement with such offender.
(f) The offender shall allow any law enforcement officer, community corrections officer, court services officer or duly authorized agent of the department of corrections, to enter such offender’s residence at any time to verify the offender’s compliance with the conditions of the house release.
(g) As a condition of house arrest, the court or secretary may require an offender placed under house arrest to pay any supervision costs associated with the house arrest program.
(h) The offender shall consent to be monitored by:
(1) An electronic monitoring device on such offender’s person;
(2) an electronic monitoring device in such offender’s home;
(3) a remote blood alcohol monitoring device;
(4) a home telephone verification procedure;
(5) radio frequency devices; or
(6) any combination of monitoring methods as the court, secretary or house arrest staff finds necessary.
(i) The secretary or the court may contract for independent monitoring services. Such independent monitoring service shall be able to provide monitoring 24 hours a day, every day of the year, and any other services as determined by the secretary or the court.
(j) An offender violating the provisions of K.S.A. 8-1567, and amendments thereto, if placed under house arrest, shall be monitored by an electronic monitoring device, which verifies the offender’s location. On a second or subsequent conviction of K.S.A. 8-1567, and amendments thereto, an offender placed under house arrest shall serve the total number of hours of confinement mandated by that section.
(k) As used in this section:
(1) "House arrest staff" means an independent contractor or government entity, and agents thereof, utilized by the secretary or court to administer the provisions of a house arrest program;
(2) "electronic monitoring device" means:
(A) An active or passive global positioning system-enabled device capable of recording and transmitting an offender’s location at all times or at designated intervals. Such monitoring device may record or transmit sound, visual images or other information regarding such offender’s location, via wireless communication; or
(B) a radio frequency device capable of monitoring an offender’s location; and
(3) "remote alcohol monitoring device" means a device capable of monitoring an offender’s blood alcohol content via micro fuel cell or deep lung tissue sample. Such monitoring devices shall be of comparable accuracy to roadside breath alcohol testing devices utilized by law enforcement, and shall have wireless or landline telephone transmission capabilities. Such device may be used in conjunction with an alcohol and drug-sensing bracelet to monitor such offender’s compliance with the terms of house arrest.
History: L. 1988, ch. 115, § 7; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 249, L. 2011, ch. 100, § 19, L. 2012, ch. 16, § 5; L. 2012, ch. 172, § 29; July 1.
21-6610. Transfer of supervision of person paroled, on probation, assigned to community corrections or under suspended sentence.
(a) When a defendant is placed on parole by the district court, on probation, assigned to a community correctional services program by a district court or under suspended sentence and such defendant is permitted to go from the judicial district of that court, supervision over the defendant may be transferred from that judicial district to another with the concurrence of the receiving chief court services officer, or if in a community corrections services program, by the concurrence of the director of the receiving program.
(b) When a defendant described in subsection (a) is sentenced pursuant to K.S.A. 2021 Supp. 21-6824, and amendments thereto, the district court from which the defendant is on parole, on probation, assigned to a community correctional services program or under suspended sentence may transfer jurisdiction of the defendant with the concurrence of the receiving district court and all parties.
(c) (1) When a defendant described in subsection (a) is being sentenced and is already being supervised on parole, probation, assignment to a community correctional services program or under suspended sentence, the district court by which the defendant is currently being supervised may use the guidelines provided in this subsection to determine whether it is appropriate to transfer jurisdiction of the defendant to a different district court.
(2) If the new sentence would place the defendant under the supervision of two supervision entities or agencies, the court may consider:
(A) Granting jurisdiction to the court with jurisdiction over the offense that has the longest underlying sentence of imprisonment; and
(B) whether the severity of the new offense requires a higher level of supervision. If a higher level of supervision is not required, there may be a preference for maintaining supervision of the defendant by the current supervising entity or agency for the duration of supervision. If a higher level of supervision is required, there may be a preference for transferring supervision responsibility of the defendant to the appropriate supervision entity or agency for the duration of supervision.
(3) If two or more supervision entities or agencies are supervising the defendant for sentences that are equal, the court may consider:
(A) The residency of the defendant;
(B) the ability of the defendant to travel to the supervision office from the defendant's residence, place of employment and school;
(C) resources for residential and nonresidential sanctions or rehabilitative treatment available from each supervision entity or agency; and
(D) the level of supervision available to the defendant by each supervision entity or agency.
(d) The district court from which the defendant is on parole, probation, assignment to a community correctional services program or suspended sentence may retain jurisdiction of the defendant. If the court retains jurisdiction, the defendant shall be supervised by one supervision entity or agency. The department of corrections and the office of judicial administration shall enter into a memorandum of understanding providing that a defendant on parole, probation, assignment to a community correctional services program or suspended sentence shall be supervised by one supervision entity or agency. Such memorandum of understanding shall include, but not be limited to, provisions related to:
(1) The criteria for determining the most appropriate supervision entity or agency;
(2) how the financial obligations of supervision will be managed;
(3) conditions of supervision;
(4) sanctions for violation of supervision;
(5) standards for seeking revocation of parole, probation, assignment to a community correctional services program or suspended sentence;
(6) termination of supervision; and
(7) information sharing between supervision entities or agencies.
History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-4613; L. 1981, ch. 148, § 1; L. 1986, ch. 123, § 13; L. 1990, ch. 104, § 1; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 250, L. 2021, ch. 109, § 4, L. 2022, ch. 73, § 3, July 1.
21-6611. Fines, crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993.
(a) A person who has been convicted of a felony may, in addition to the sentence authorized by law, be ordered to pay a fine which shall be fixed by the court as follows:
(1) For any off-grid felony crime, or any felony ranked in severity level 1 of the drug grid committed prior to July 1, 2012, or in severity levels 1 or 2 of the drug grid committed on or after July 1, 2012, as provided in K.S.A. 2011 Supp. 21-6805, and amendments thereto, a sum not exceeding $500,000;
(2) for any felony ranked in severity levels 1 through 5 of the nondrug grid as provided in K.S.A. 2011 Supp. 21-6804, and amendments thereto, or in severity levels 2 or 3 of the drug grid committed prior to July 1, 2012, or in severity levels 3 or 4 of the drug grid committed on or after July 1, 2012, as provided in K.S.A. 2011 Supp. 21-6805, and amendments thereto, a sum not exceeding $300,000; and
(3) for any felony ranked in severity levels 6 through 10 of the non-drug grid as provided in K.S.A. 2011 Supp. 21-6804, and amendments thereto, or in severity level 4 of the drug grid committed prior to July 1, 2012, or in severity level 5 of the drug grid committed on or after July 2012, as provided in K.S.A. 2011 Supp. 21-6805, and amendments thereto, a sum not exceeding $100,000.
(b) A person who has been convicted of a misdemeanor, in addition to or instead of the imprisonment authorized by law, may be sentenced to pay a fine which shall be fixed by the court as follows:
(1) For a class A misdemeanor, a sum not exceeding $2,500;
(2) for a class B misdemeanor, a sum not exceeding $1,000;
(3) for a class C misdemeanor, a sum not exceeding $500; and
(4) for an unclassified misdemeanor, any sum authorized by the statute that defines the crime. If no penalty is provided in such law, the fine shall not exceed the fine provided herein for a class C misdemeanor.
(c) As an alternative to any of the above fines, the fine imposed may be fixed at any greater sum not exceeding double the pecuniary gain derived from the crime by the offender.
(d) A person who has been convicted of a traffic infraction may be sentenced to pay a fine which shall be fixed by the court, not exceeding $500.
(e) A person who has been convicted of a cigarette or tobacco infraction shall be sentenced to pay a fine of $25.
(f) The provisions of this section shall apply to crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993.
History: L. 1992, ch. 239, § 234; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 179; L. 1996, ch. 214, § 26; L. 1998, ch. 192, § 5; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 251, L. 2012, ch. 150, § 31; July 1.
21-6612. Criteria for imposing fines.
(a) When the law authorizes any other disposition, a fine shall not be imposed as the sole and exclusive punishment unless having regard to the nature and circumstances of the crime and to the history and character of the defendant, the court finds that the fine alone suffices for the protection of the public.
(b) The court shall not sentence a defendant to pay a fine in addition to a sentence of imprisonment, probation or assignment to a community correctional services program unless:
(1) The defendant has derived a pecuniary gain from the crime; or
(2) the court finds that a fine is adapted to deterrence of the crime involved or to the correction of the offender.
(c) In determining the amount and method of payment of a fine, the court shall take into account the financial resources of the defendant and the nature of the burden that its payment will impose.
(d) If a fine is ordered pursuant to subsection (b), the court’s findings regarding the requirements of subsections (b) and (c) shall be stated on the record.
History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-4607; L. 1986, ch. 123, § 8; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 252, July 1, 2011.
21-6613. Rights of imprisoned persons; restoration.
(a) A person who has been convicted in any state or federal court of a felony shall, by reason of such conviction, be ineligible to hold any public office under the laws of the state of Kansas, or to register as a voter or to vote in any election held under the laws of the state of Kansas or to serve as a juror in any civil or criminal case.
(b) The ineligibilities imposed by this section shall attach upon conviction and shall continue until such person has completed the terms of the authorized sentence.
(c) The ineligibilities imposed upon a convicted person by this section shall be in addition to such other penalties as may be provided by law.
History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-4615; L. 1972, ch. 317, § 102; L. 1986, ch. 123, § 14; L. 1996, ch. 187, § 21; L. 2002, ch. 19, § 3; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 253, July 1, 2011.
21-6614. Expungement of certain convictions, arrest records and diversion agreements.
(a) (1) Except as provided in subsections (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f), any person convicted in this state of a traffic infraction, cigarette or tobacco infraction, misdemeanor or a class D or E felony, or for crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993, any nongrid felony or felony ranked in severity levels 6 through 10 of the nondrug grid, or for crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993, but prior to July 1, 2012, any felony ranked in severity level 4 of the drug grid, or for crimes committed on or after July 1, 2012, any felony ranked in severity level 5 of the drug grid may petition the convicting court for the expungement of such conviction or related arrest records if three or more years have elapsed since the person: (A) Satisfied the sentence imposed; or (B) was discharged from probation, a community correctional services program, parole, postrelease supervision, conditional release or a suspended sentence.
(2) Except as provided in subsections (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f), any person who has fulfilled the terms of a diversion agreement may petition the district court for the expungement of such diversion agreement and related arrest records if three or more years have elapsed since the terms of the diversion agreement were fulfilled.
(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a)(1), and except as provided in subsections (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f), any person who has completed the requirements of a specialty court program established pursuant to K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 20-173, and amendments thereto, may petition the district court for the expungement of the conviction and related arrest records. The court may waive all or part of the docket fee imposed for filing a petition pursuant to this subsection.
(b) Any person convicted of prostitution, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3512, prior to its repeal, convicted of a violation of K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-6419, and amendments thereto, or who entered into a diversion agreement in lieu of further criminal proceedings for such violation, may petition the convicting court for the expungement of such conviction or diversion agreement and related arrest records if:
(1) One or more years have elapsed since the person satisfied the sentence imposed or the terms of a diversion agreement or was discharged from probation, a community correctional services program, parole, postrelease supervision, conditional release or a suspended sentence; and
(2) such person can prove they were acting under coercion caused by the act of another. For purposes of this subsection, "coercion" means: Threats of harm or physical restraint against any person; a scheme, plan or pattern intended to cause a person to believe that failure to perform an act would result in bodily harm or physical restraint against any person; or the abuse or threatened abuse of the legal process.
(c) Except as provided in subsections (e) and (f), no person may petition for expungement until five or more years have elapsed since the person satisfied the sentence imposed or the terms of a diversion agreement or was discharged from probation, a community correctional services program, parole, postrelease supervision, conditional release or a suspended sentence, if such person was convicted of a class A, B or C felony, or for crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993, if convicted of an off-grid felony or any felony ranked in severity levels 1 through 5 of the nondrug grid, or for crimes committed on or after July 1, 1993, but prior to July 1, 2012, any felony ranked in severity levels 1 through 3 of the drug grid, or for crimes committed on or after July 1, 2012, any felony ranked in severity levels 1 through 4 of the drug grid, or:
(1) Vehicular homicide, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3405, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5406, and amendments thereto, or as prohibited by any law of another state that is in substantial conformity with that statute;
(2) driving while the privilege to operate a motor vehicle on the public highways of this state has been canceled, suspended or revoked, as prohibited by K.S.A. 8-262, and amendments thereto, or as prohibited by any law of another state that is in substantial conformity with that statute;
(3) perjury resulting from a violation of K.S.A. 8-261a, and amendments thereto, or resulting from the violation of a law of another state that is in substantial conformity with that statute;
(4) violating the provisions of K.S.A. 8-142 Fifth, and amendments thereto, relating to fraudulent applications or violating the provisions of a law of another state that is in substantial conformity with that statute;
(5) any crime punishable as a felony wherein a motor vehicle was used in the perpetration of such crime;
(6) failing to stop at the scene of an accident and perform the duties required by K.S.A. 8-1603, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 8-1602 or 8-1604, and amendments thereto, or required by a law of another state that is in substantial conformity with those statutes;
(7) violating the provisions of K.S.A. 40-3104, and amendments thereto, relating to motor vehicle liability insurance coverage; or
(8) a violation of K.S.A. 21-3405b, prior to its repeal.
(d) (1) No person may petition for expungement until five or more years have elapsed since the person satisfied the sentence imposed or the terms of a diversion agreement or was discharged from probation, a community correctional services program, parole, postrelease supervision, conditional release or a suspended sentence, if such person was convicted of a first violation of K.S.A. 8-1567, and amendments thereto, including any diversion for such violation.
(2) No person may petition for expungement until 10 or more years have elapsed since the person satisfied the sentence imposed or was discharged from probation, a community correctional services program, parole, postrelease supervision, conditional release or a suspended sentence, if such person was convicted of a second or subsequent violation of K.S.A. 8-1567, and amendments thereto.
(3) Except as provided further, the provisions of this subsection
shall apply to all violations committed on or after July 1, 2006. The
provisions of subsection (d)(2) shall not apply to violations committed
on or after July 1, 2014, but prior to July 1, 2015.
(e) There shall be no expungement of convictions for the following offenses or of convictions for an attempt to commit any of the following offenses:
(1) Rape, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3502, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5503, and amendments thereto;
(2) indecent liberties with a child or aggravated indecent liberties with a child, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3503 or 21-3504, prior to their repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5506, and amendments thereto;
(3) criminal sodomy, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3505(a)(2) or (a)(3), prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5504(a)(3) or (a)(4), and amendments thereto;
(4) aggravated criminal sodomy, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3506, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5504, and amendments thereto;
(5) indecent solicitation of a child or aggravated indecent solicitation of a child, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3510 or 21-3511, prior to their repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5508, and amendments thereto;
(6) sexual exploitation of a child, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3516, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5510, and amendments thereto;
(7) internet trading in child pornography or aggravated internet trading in child pornography, as defined in K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5514, and amendments thereto;
(8) aggravated incest, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3603, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5604, and amendments thereto;
(9) endangering a child or aggravated endangering a child, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3608 or 21-3608a, prior to their repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5601, and amendments thereto;
(10) abuse of a child, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3609, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5602, and amendments thereto;
(11) capital murder, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3439, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5401, and amendments thereto;
(12) murder in the first degree, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3401, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5402, and amendments thereto;
(13) murder in the second degree, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3402, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5403, and amendments thereto;
(14) voluntary manslaughter, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3403, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5404, and amendments thereto;
(15) involuntary manslaughter, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3404, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5405, and amendments thereto;
(16) sexual battery, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3517, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5505, and amendments thereto, when the victim was less than 18 years of age at the time the crime was committed;
(17) aggravated sexual battery, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3518, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5505, and amendments thereto;
(18) a violation of K.S.A. 8-2,144, and amendments thereto, including any diversion for such violation; or
(19) any conviction for any offense in effect at any time prior to July 1, 2011, that is comparable to any offense as provided in this subsection.
(f) Except as provided in K.S.A. 22-4908, and amendments thereto, for any offender who is required to register as provided in the Kansas offender registration act, K.S.A. 22-4901 et seq., and amendments thereto, there shall be no expungement of any conviction or any part of the offender's criminal record while the offender is required to register as provided in the Kansas offender registration act.
(g) (1) When a petition for expungement is filed, the court shall set a date for a hearing of such petition and shall cause notice of such hearing to be given to the prosecutor and the arresting law enforcement agency. The petition shall state the:
(A) Defendant's full name;
(B) full name of the defendant at the time of arrest, conviction or diversion, if different than the defendant's current name;
(C) defendant's sex, race and date of birth;
(D) crime for which the defendant was arrested, convicted or diverted;
(E) date of the defendant's arrest, conviction or diversion; and
(F) identity of the convicting court, arresting law enforcement authority or diverting authority.
(2) Except as otherwise provided by law, a petition for expungement shall be accompanied by a docket fee in the amount of $176. On and after July 1, 2019, through June 30, 2025, the supreme court may impose a charge, not to exceed $19 per case, to fund the costs of non-judicial personnel. The charge established in this section shall be the only fee collected or moneys in the nature of a fee collected for the case. Such charge shall only be established by an act of the legislature and no other authority is established by law or otherwise to collect a fee.
(3) All petitions for expungement shall be docketed in the original criminal action. Any person who may have relevant information about the petitioner may testify at the hearing. The court may inquire into the background of the petitioner and shall have access to any reports or records relating to the petitioner that are on file with the secretary of corrections or the prisoner review board.
(h) At the hearing on the petition, the court shall order the petitioner's arrest record, conviction or diversion expunged if the court finds that:
(1) (A) The petitioner has not been convicted of a felony in the past two years and no proceeding involving any such crime is presently pending or being instituted against the petitioner if the petition is filed under subsection (a)(1) or (a)(2); or
(B) no proceeding involving a felony is presently pending or being instituted against the petitioner if the petition is filed under subsection (a)(3);
(2) the circumstances and behavior of the petitioner warrant the expungement;
(3) the expungement is consistent with the public welfare; and
(4) with respect to petitions seeking expungement of a felony conviction, possession of a firearm by the petitioner is not likely to pose a threat to the safety of the public.
(i) When the court has ordered an arrest record, conviction or diversion expunged, the order of expungement shall state the information required to be contained in the petition. The clerk of the court shall send a certified copy of the order of expungement to the Kansas bureau of investigation that shall notify the federal bureau of investigation, the secretary of corrections and any other criminal justice agency that may have a record of the arrest, conviction or diversion. If the case was appealed from municipal court, the clerk of the district court shall send a certified copy of the order of expungement to the municipal court. The municipal court shall order the case expunged once the certified copy of the order of expungement is received. After the order of expungement is entered, the petitioner shall be treated as not having been arrested, convicted or diverted of the crime, except that:
(1) Upon conviction for any subsequent crime, the conviction that was expunged may be considered as a prior conviction in determining the sentence to be imposed;
(2) the petitioner shall disclose that the arrest, conviction or diversion occurred if asked about previous arrests, convictions or diversions:
(A) In any application for licensure as a private detective, private detective agency, certification as a firearms trainer pursuant to K.S.A. 75-7b21, and amendments thereto, or employment as a detective with a private detective agency, as defined by K.S.A. 75-7b01, and amendments thereto; as security personnel with a private patrol operator, as defined by K.S.A. 75-7b01, and amendments thereto; or with an institution, as defined in K.S.A. 76-12a01, and amendments thereto, of the Kansas department for aging and disability services;
(B) in any application for admission, or for an order of reinstatement, to the practice of law in this state;
(C) to aid in determining the petitioner's qualifications for employment with the Kansas lottery or for work in sensitive areas within the Kansas lottery as deemed appropriate by the executive director of the Kansas lottery;
(D) to aid in determining the petitioner's qualifications for executive director of the Kansas racing and gaming commission, for employment with the commission or for work in sensitive areas in parimutuel racing as deemed appropriate by the executive director of the commission, or to aid in determining qualifications for licensure or renewal of licensure by the commission;
(E) to aid in determining the petitioner's qualifications for the following under the Kansas expanded lottery act: (i) Lottery gaming facility manager or prospective manager, racetrack gaming facility manager or prospective manager, licensee or certificate holder; or (ii) an officer, director, employee, owner, agent or contractor thereof;
(F) upon application for a commercial driver's license under K.S.A. 8-2,125 through 8-2,142, and amendments thereto;
(G) to aid in determining the petitioner's qualifications to be an employee of the state gaming agency;
(H) to aid in determining the petitioner's qualifications to be an employee of a tribal gaming commission or to hold a license issued pursuant to a tribal-state gaming compact;
(I) in any application for registration as a broker-dealer, agent, investment adviser or investment adviser representative all as defined in K.S.A. 17-12a102, and amendments thereto;
(J) in any application for employment as a law enforcement officer as defined in K.S.A. 22-2202 or 74-5602, and amendments thereto; or
(K) to aid in determining the petitioner's qualifications for a license to act as a bail enforcement agent pursuant to K.S.A. 75-7e01 through 75-7e09, and amendments thereto, and K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 50-6,141, and amendments thereto;
(3) the court, in the order of expungement, may specify other circumstances under which the conviction is to be disclosed;
(4) the conviction may be disclosed in a subsequent prosecution for an offense that requires as an element of such offense a prior conviction of the type expunged; and
(5) upon commitment to the custody of the secretary of corrections, any previously expunged record in the possession of the secretary of corrections may be reinstated and the expungement disregarded, and the record continued for the purpose of the new commitment.
(j) Whenever a person is convicted of a crime, pleads guilty and pays a fine for a crime, is placed on parole, postrelease supervision or probation, is assigned to a community correctional services program, is granted a suspended sentence or is released on conditional release, the person shall be informed of the ability to expunge the arrest records or conviction. Whenever a person enters into a diversion agreement, the person shall be informed of the ability to expunge the diversion.
(k) (1) Subject to the disclosures required pursuant to subsection (i), in any application for employment, license or other civil right or privilege, or any appearance as a witness, a person whose arrest records, conviction or diversion of a crime has been expunged under this statute may state that such person has never been arrested, convicted or diverted of such crime.
(2) A person whose arrest record, conviction or diversion of a crime that resulted in such person being prohibited by state or federal law from possessing a firearm has been expunged under this statute shall be deemed to have had such person's right to keep and bear arms fully restored. This restoration of rights shall include, but not be limited to, the right to use, transport, receive, purchase, transfer and possess firearms. The provisions of this paragraph shall apply to all orders of expungement, including any orders issued prior to July 1, 2021.
(l) Whenever the record of any arrest, conviction or diversion has been expunged under the provisions of this section or under the provisions of any other existing or former statute, the custodian of the records of arrest, conviction, diversion and incarceration relating to that crime shall not disclose the existence of such records, except when requested by:
(1) The person whose record was expunged;
(2) a private detective agency or a private patrol operator, and the request is accompanied by a statement that the request is being made in conjunction with an application for employment with such agency or operator by the person whose record has been expunged;
(3) a court, upon a showing of a subsequent conviction of the person whose record has been expunged;
(4) the secretary for aging and disability services, or a designee of the secretary, for the purpose of obtaining information relating to employment in an institution, as defined in K.S.A. 76-12a01, and amendments thereto, of the Kansas department for aging and disability services of any person whose record has been expunged;
(5) a person entitled to such information pursuant to the terms of the expungement order;
(6) a prosecutor, and such request is accompanied by a statement that the request is being made in conjunction with a prosecution of an offense that requires a prior conviction as one of the elements of such offense;
(7) the supreme court, the clerk or disciplinary administrator thereof, the state board for admission of attorneys or the state board for discipline of attorneys, and the request is accompanied by a statement that the request is being made in conjunction with an application for admission, or for an order of reinstatement, to the practice of law in this state by the person whose record has been expunged;
(8) the Kansas lottery, and the request is accompanied by a statement that the request is being made to aid in determining qualifications for employment with the Kansas lottery or for work in sensitive areas within the Kansas lottery as deemed appropriate by the executive director of the Kansas lottery;
(9) the governor or the Kansas racing and gaming commission, or a designee of the commission, and the request is accompanied by a statement that the request is being made to aid in determining qualifications for executive director of the commission, for employment with the commission, for work in sensitive areas in parimutuel racing as deemed appropriate by the executive director of the commission or for licensure, renewal of licensure or continued licensure by the commission;
(10) the Kansas racing and gaming commission, or a designee of the commission, and the request is accompanied by a statement that the request is being made to aid in determining qualifications of the following under the Kansas expanded lottery act: (A) Lottery gaming facility managers and prospective managers, racetrack gaming facility managers and prospective managers, licensees and certificate holders; and (B) their officers, directors, employees, owners, agents and contractors;
(11) the Kansas sentencing commission;
(12) the state gaming agency, and the request is accompanied by a statement that the request is being made to aid in determining qualifications:
(A) To be an employee of the state gaming agency; or
(B) to be an employee of a tribal gaming commission or to hold a license issued pursuant to a tribal-gaming compact;
(13) the Kansas securities commissioner or a designee of the commissioner, and the request is accompanied by a statement that the request is being made in conjunction with an application for registration as a broker-dealer, agent, investment adviser or investment adviser representative by such agency and the application was submitted by the person whose record has been expunged;
(14) the Kansas commission on peace officers' standards and training and the request is accompanied by a statement that the request is being made to aid in determining certification eligibility as a law enforcement officer pursuant to K.S.A. 74-5601 et seq., and amendments thereto;
(15) a law enforcement agency and the request is accompanied by a statement that the request is being made to aid in determining eligibility for employment as a law enforcement officer as defined by K.S.A. 22-2202, and amendments thereto;
(16) (A) the attorney general and the request is accompanied by a statement that the request is being made to aid in determining qualifications for a license to act as a bail enforcement agent pursuant to K.S.A. 75-7e01 through 75-7e09, and amendments thereto, and K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 50-6,141, and amendments thereto; or
(B) the attorney general for any other purpose authorized by law, except that an expungement record shall not be the basis for denial of a license to carry a concealed handgun under the personal and family protection act; or
(17) the Kansas bureau of investigation, for the purpose of completing a person's criminal history record information within the central repository, in accordance with K.S.A. 22-4701 et seq., and amendments thereto.
(m) (1) The provisions of subsection (l)(17) shall apply to records created prior to, on and after July 1, 2011.
(2) Upon the issuance of an order of expungement that resulted in the restoration of a person's right to keep and bear arms, the Kansas bureau of investigation shall report to the federal bureau of investigation that such expunged record be withdrawn from the national instant criminal background check system. The Kansas bureau of investigation shall include such order of expungement in the person's criminal history record for purposes of documenting the restoration of such person's right to keep and bear arms.
History: L. 1978, ch. 120, § 28; L. 1979, ch. 90, § 7; L. 1980, ch. 102, § 2; L. 1980, ch. 103, § 1; L. 1981, ch. 158, § 2; L. 1982, ch. 139, § 2; L. 1984, ch. 39, § 35; L. 1985, ch. 48, § 15; L. 1986, ch. 129, § 1; L. 1987, ch. 292, § 24; L. 1988, ch. 315, § 2; L. 1989, ch. 96, § 1; L. 1990, ch. 105, § 1; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 247; L. 1993, ch. 253, § 16; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 186; L. 1994, ch. 291, § 48; L. 1995, ch. 251, § 15; L. 1996, ch. 214, § 27; L. 1998, ch. 131, § 5; L. 2001, ch. 185, § 1; L. 2002. ch. 163, § 2; L. 2004, ch. 149, § 1; L. 2005, ch. 186, § 9; L. 2006, ch. 218, § 3; L. 2006, ch. 171, § 4; L. 2006, ch. 195, § 11; L. 2007, ch. 110, § 58; L. 2008, ch. 162, §2; L. 2008, ch. 175, § 3; L. 2009, ch. 116, § 11; L. 2010, ch. 63, § 3, L. 2010, ch. 136, § 254, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 67; L. 2011, ch. 87, § 3; L. 2011, ch. 95, § 13, L. 2011, ch. 100, § 20; L. 2011, ch. 105, § 35, L. 2012, ch. 16, § 6; ch. 66, § 3; L. 2012, ch. 150, § 32; L. 2013, ch. 36, § 3; L. 2013, ch. 120, § 19; L. 2013, ch. 133, § 9; L. 2014, ch. 82, § 23; L. 2014, ch. 102, § 6; L. 2015, ch. 71, § 4; L. 2015, ch. 81, § 9; L. 2016, ch. 93, § 13; L. 2016, ch. 78, § 5; L. 2016, ch. 85, § 13; L. 2017, ch. 80, § 5; L. 2017, ch. 70, § 3 L. 2017, ch. 78, § 15; L. 2017, ch. 100, § 8; L. 2018, ch. 106, § 24; L. 2019, ch. 58, § 6; L. 2021, ch. 94, § 6; L. 2022, ch. 79, § 4; L. 2022, ch. 83; L. 2023, ch. 91, § 2; July 1.
21-6615. Deduction of time spent in confinement.
(a) In any criminal action in which the defendant is convicted, the judge, if the judge sentences the defendant to confinement, shall direct that for the purpose of computing defendant’s sentence and parole eligibility and conditional release dates thereunder, that such sentence is to be computed from a date, to be specifically designated by the court in the sentencing order of the journal entry of judgment. Such date shall be established to reflect and shall be computed as an allowance for the time which the defendant has spent incarcerated pending the disposition of the defendant’s case. In recording the commencing date of such sentence the date as specifically set forth by the court shall be used as the date of sentence and all good time allowances as are authorized by the secretary of corrections are to be allowed on such sentence from such date as though the defendant were actually incarcerated in any of the institutions of the state correctional system.
(b) In any criminal action in which probation, assignment to a conservation camp or assignment to community corrections is revoked and the defendant is sentenced to confinement, for the purpose of computing the defendant’s sentence and parole eligibility and conditional release date, the defendant’s sentence is to be computed from a date, hereafter to be specifically designated in the sentencing order of the journal entry of judgment. Such date shall be established to reflect and shall be computed as an allowance for the time which the defendant has spent in a residential facility while on probation, assignment to a conservation camp or assignment to community correctional residential services program. The commencing date of such sentence shall be used as the date of sentence and all good time allowances as are authorized by law are to be allowed on such sentence from such date as though the defendant were actually incarcerated in a correctional institution.
(c) Such credit is not to be considered to reduce the minimum or maximum terms of confinement authorized by law for the offense of which the defendant has been convicted.
History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-4614; L. 1970, ch. 124, § 13; L. 1972, ch. 317, § 101; L. 1973, ch. 339, § 72; L. 1980, ch. 104, § 2; L. 1988, ch. 115, § 4; L. 1989, ch. 92, § 25; L. 2001, ch. 208, § 7; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 255, July 1, 2011.
21-6616. Parole from sentence imposed by district magistrate judge.
Any person confined in jail under judgment of conviction before a district magistrate judge may be paroled, such person’s parole terminated and absolute discharge granted by a district judge having jurisdiction of appeals from such district magistrate judge in criminal cases, in the same manner and subject to the same restrictions as if such person had been convicted in and placed on probation by such district judge.
History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-4612; L. 1976, ch. 156, § 4; L. 1977, ch. 118, § 2; L. 1983, ch. 284, § 3; L. 1986, ch. 115, § 53; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 256, July 1, 2011.
21-6617. Same; proceeding to determine if person shall be sentenced to death; notice; trial judge; jury.
(a) If a defendant is charged with capital murder, the county or district attorney shall file written notice if such attorney intends, upon conviction of the defendant, to request a separate sentencing proceeding to determine whether the defendant should be sentenced to death. In cases where the county or district attorney or a court determines that a conflict exists, such notice may be filed by the attorney general. Such notice shall be filed with the court and served on the defendant or the defendant’s attorney not later than five days after the time of arraignment. If such notice is not filed and served as required by this subsection, the prosecuting attorney may not request such a sentencing proceeding and the defendant, if convicted of capital murder, shall be sentenced to life without the possibility of parole, and no sentence of death shall be imposed hereunder.
(b) Except as provided in K.S.A. 21-6618 and 21-6622, and amendments thereto, upon conviction of a defendant of capital murder, the court, upon motion of the prosecuting attorney, shall conduct a separate sentencing proceeding to determine whether the defendant shall be sentenced to death. The proceeding shall be conducted by the trial judge before the trial jury as soon as practicable. If any person who served on the trial jury is unable to serve on the jury for the sentencing proceeding, the court shall substitute an alternate juror who has been impaneled for the trial jury. If there are insufficient alternate jurors to replace trial jurors who are unable to serve at the sentencing proceeding, the trial judge may summon a special jury of 12 persons which shall determine the question of whether a sentence of death shall be imposed. Jury selection procedures, qualifications of jurors and grounds for exemption or challenge of prospective jurors in criminal trials shall be applicable to the selection of such special jury. The jury at the sentencing proceeding may be waived in the manner provided by K.S.A. 22-3403, and amendments thereto, for waiver of a trial jury. If the jury at the sentencing proceeding has been waived or the trial jury has been waived, the sentencing proceeding shall be conducted by the court.
(c) In the sentencing proceeding, evidence may be presented concerning any matter that the court deems relevant to the question of sentence and shall include matters relating to any of the aggravating circumstances enumerated in K.S.A. 21-6623, and amendments thereto, and any mitigating circumstances. Any such evidence which the court deems to have probative value may be received regardless of its admissibility under the rules of evidence, provided that the defendant is accorded a fair opportunity to rebut any hearsay statements. Only such evidence of aggravating circumstances as the state has made known to the defendant prior to the sentencing proceeding shall be admissible, and no evidence secured in violation of the constitution of the United States or of the state of Kansas shall be admissible. No testimony by the defendant at the sentencing proceeding shall be admissible against the defendant at any subsequent criminal proceeding. At the conclusion of the evidentiary presentation, the court shall allow the parties a reasonable period of time in which to present oral argument.
(d) At the conclusion of the evidentiary portion of the sentencing proceeding, the court shall provide oral and written instructions to the jury to guide its deliberations.
(e) If, by unanimous vote, the jury finds beyond a reasonable doubt that one or more of the aggravating circumstances enumerated in K.S.A. 21-6624, and amendments thereto, exist and, further, that the existence of such aggravating circumstances is not outweighed by any mitigating circumstances which are found to exist, the defendant shall be sentenced to death; otherwise, the defendant shall be sentenced to life without the possibility of parole. The jury, if its verdict is a unanimous recommendation of a sentence of death, shall designate in writing, signed by the foreman of the jury, the statutory aggravating circumstances which it found beyond a reasonable doubt. If, after a reasonable time for deliberation, the jury is unable to reach a verdict, the judge shall dismiss the jury and impose a sentence of life without the possibility of parole and shall commit the defendant to the custody of the secretary of corrections. In nonjury cases, the court shall follow the requirements of this subsection in determining the sentence to be imposed.
(f) Notwithstanding the verdict of the jury, the trial court shall review any jury verdict imposing a sentence of death hereunder to ascertain whether the imposition of such sentence is supported by the evidence. If the court determines that the imposition of such a sentence is not supported by the evidence, the court shall modify the sentence and sentence the defendant to life without the possibility of parole, and no sentence of death shall be imposed hereunder. Whenever the court enters a judgment modifying the sentencing verdict of the jury, the court shall set forth its reasons for so doing in a written memorandum which shall become part of the record.
(g) A defendant who is sentenced to imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole shall spend the remainder of the defendant’s natural life incarcerated and in the custody of the secretary of corrections. A defendant who is sentenced to imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole shall not be eligible for commutation of sentence, parole, probation, assignment to a community correctional services program, conditional release, postrelease supervision, functional incapacitation release pursuant to K.S.A. 22-3728, and amendments thereto, or suspension, modification or reduction of sentence. Upon sentencing a defendant to imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole, the court shall commit the defendant to the custody of the secretary of corrections and the court shall state in the sentencing order of the judgment form or journal entry, whichever is delivered with the defendant to the correctional institution, that the defendant has been sentenced to imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole.
History: L. 1990, ch. 99, § 4; L. 1994, ch. 252, § 4; L. 2004, ch. 102, § 3; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 10; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 257, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 68, L. 2013, ch. 89, § 1; L. 2014, ch. 114, § 3; July 1.
21-6618. Persons convicted of capital murder, sentencing.
Upon conviction of a defendant of capital murder and a finding that the defendant was less than 18 years of age at the time of the commission thereof, the court shall sentence the defendant as otherwise provided by law, and no sentence of death or life without the possibility of parole shall be imposed hereunder.
History: L. 1990, ch. 99, § 2; L. 1994, ch. 252, § 2; L. 2004, ch. 102, § 1; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 258, July 1, 2011.
21-6619. Same; automatic review by and appeal to supreme court.
(a) A judgment of conviction resulting in a sentence of death shall be subject to automatic review by and appeal to the supreme court of Kansas in the manner provided by the applicable statutes and rules of the supreme court governing appellate procedure. The review and appeal shall be expedited in every manner consistent with the proper presentation thereof and given priority pursuant to the statutes and rules of the supreme court governing appellate procedure.
(b) The supreme court of Kansas shall consider the question of sentence as well as any errors asserted in the review and appeal and shall be authorized to notice unassigned errors appearing of record if the ends of justice would be served thereby.
(c) With regard to the sentence, the court shall determine:
(1) Whether the sentence of death was imposed under the influence of passion, prejudice or any other arbitrary factor; and
(2) whether the evidence supports the findings that an aggravating circumstance or circumstances existed and that any mitigating circumstances were insufficient to outweigh the aggravating circumstances.
(d) The court shall be authorized to enter such orders as are necessary to effect a proper and complete disposition of the review and appeal.
History: L. 1990, ch. 99, § 7; L. 1991, ch. 90, § 4; L. 1994, ch. 252, § 5; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 259, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 69, July 1.
21-6620. Sentencing of certain persons to mandatory term of imprisonment of 40 or 50 years; determination; evidence presented; balance of aggravating and mitigating circumstances.
(a) (1) Except as provided in subsection (a)(2) and K.S.A. 2013 Supp. 21-6618 and 21-6622, and amendments thereto, if a defendant is convicted of the crime of capital murder and a sentence of death is not imposed pursuant to K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6617(e), and amendments thereto, or requested pursuant to K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6617(a) or (b), and amendments thereto, the defendant shall be sentenced to life without the possibility of parole.
(2) (A) Except as provided in subsection (a)(2)(B), a defendant convicted of attempt to commit the crime of capital murder shall be sentenced to imprisonment for life and shall not be eligible for probation or suspension, modification or reduction of sentence. In addition, the defendantshall not be eligible for parole prior to serving 25 years’ imprisonment, and such 25 years’ imprisonment shall not be reduced by the application of good time credits. No other sentence shall be permitted.
(B) The provisions of subsection (a)(2)(A) requiring the court to impose a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 25 years shall not apply if the court finds the defendant, because of the defendant’s criminal history classification, would be subject to presumptive imprisonment pursuant to the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes and the sentencing range would exceed 300 months if the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime was imposed. In such case, the defendant is required to serve a mandatory minimum term equal to the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime pursuant to the sentencing range. The defendant shall not be eligible for parole prior to serving such mandatory minimum term of imprisonment, and such mandatory minimum term of imprisonment shall not be reduced by the application of good time credits. No other sentence shall be permitted.
(b) The provisions of this subsection shall apply only to the crime of murder in the first degree as described in K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5402(a)(2), and amendments thereto, committed on or after July 1, 2014.
(1) Except as provided in subsection (b)(2), a defendant convicted of murder in the first degree as described in K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5402(a)(2), and amendments thereto, shall be sentenced to imprisonment for life and shall not be eligible for probation or suspension, modification or reduction of sentence. In addition, the defendant shall not be eligible for parole prior to serving 25 years’ imprisonment, and such 25 years’ imprisonment shall not be reduced by the application of good time credits. No other sentence shall be permitted.
(2) The provisions of subsection (b)(1) requiring the court to impose a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 25 years shall not apply if the court finds the defendant, because of the defendant’s criminal history classification, would be subject to presumptive imprisonment pursuant to the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes and the sentencing range would exceed 300 months if the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime was imposed. In such case, the defendant is required to serve a mandatory minimum term equal to the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime pursuant to the sentencing range. The defendant shall not be eligible for parole prior to serving such mandatory minimum term of imprisonment, and such mandatory minimum term of imprisonment shall not be reduced by the application of good time credits. No other sentence shall be permitted.
(c) The provisions of this subsection shall apply only to the crime of murder in the first degree based upon the finding of premeditated murder committed on or after July 1, 2014.
(1) (A) Except as provided in subsection (c)(1)(B), a defendant convicted of murder in the first degree based upon the finding of premeditated murder shall be sentenced pursuant to K.S.A. 2013 Supp. 21-6623, and amendments thereto, unless the sentencing judge finds substantial and compelling reasons, following a review of mitigating circumstances, to impose the sentence specified in subsection (c)(2).
(B) The provisions of subsection (c)(1)(A) requiring the court to impose the mandatory minimum term of imprisonment required by K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6623, and amendments thereto, shall not apply if the court finds the defendant, because of the defendant’s criminal history classification, would be subject to presumptive imprisonment pursuant to the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes and the sentencing range would exceed 600 months if the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime was imposed. In such case, the defendant is required to serve a mandatory minimum term equal to the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime pursuant to the sentencing range. The defendant shall not be eligible for parole prior to serving such mandatory minimum term of imprisonment, and such mandatory minimum term of imprisonment shall not be reduced by the application of good time credits. No other sentence shall be permitted.
(2) (A) If the sentencing judge does not impose the mandatory minimum term of imprisonment required by K.S.A. 2013 Supp. 21-6623, and amendments thereto, the judge shall state on the record at the time of sentencing the substantial and compelling reasons therefor, and, except as provided in subsection (c)(2)(B), the defendant shall be sentenced to imprisonment for life and shall not be eligible for probation or suspension, modification or reduction of sentence. In addition, the defendant shall not be eligible for parole prior to serving 25 years’ imprisonment, and such 25 years’ imprisonment shall not be reduced by the application of good time credits. No other sentence shall be permitted.
(B) The provisions of subsection (c)(2)(A) requiring the court to impose a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 25 years shall not apply if the court finds the defendant, because of the defendant’s criminal history classification, would be subject to presumptive imprisonment pursuant to the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes and the sentencing range would exceed 300 months if the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime was imposed. In such case, the defendant is required to serve a mandatory minimum term equal to the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime pursuant to the sentencing range. The defendant shall not be eligible for parole prior to serving such mandatory minimum term of imprisonment, and such mandatory minimum term of imprisonment shall not be reduced by the application of good time credits. No other sentence shall be permitted.
(d) The provisions of this subsection shall apply only to the crime of murder in the first degree based upon the finding of premeditated murder committed on or after September 6, 2013, but prior to July 1, 2014.
(1) If a defendant is convicted of murder in the first degree based upon the finding of premeditated murder, upon reasonable notice by the prosecuting attorney, the court shall determine, in accordance with this subsection, whether the defendant shall be required to serve a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 50 years or sentenced as otherwise provided by law.
(2) The court shall conduct a separate proceeding following the determination of the defendant's guilt for the jury to determine whether one or more aggravating circumstances exist. Such proceeding shall be conducted by the court before a jury as soon as practicable. If any person who served on the trial jury is unable to serve on the jury for the proceeding, the court shall substitute an alternate juror who has been impaneled for the trial jury. If there are insufficient alternate jurors to replace trial jurors who are unable to serve at the proceeding, the court may conduct such proceeding before a jury which may have 12 or less jurors, but at no time less than six jurors. If the jury has been discharged prior to the proceeding, a new jury shall be impaneled. Any decision of the jury regarding the existence of an aggravating circumstance shall be beyond a reasonable doubt. Jury selection procedures, qualifications of urors and grounds for exemption or challenge of prospective jurors in criminal trials shall be applicable to the selection of such jury. The jury at the proceeding may be waived in the manner provided by K.S.A. 22-3403, and amendments thereto, for waiver of a trial jury. If the jury at the proceeding has been waived, such proceeding shall be conducted by the court.
(3) In the proceeding, evidence may be presented concerning any matter relating to any of the aggravating circumstances enumerated in K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6624, and amendments thereto. Only such evidence of aggravating circumstances as the prosecuting attorney has made known to the defendant prior to the proceeding shall be admissible and no evidence secured in violation of the constitution of the United States or of the state of Kansas shall be admissible. No testimony by the defendant at the time of the proceeding shall be admissible against the defendant at any subsequent criminal proceeding. At the conclusion of the evidentiary presentation, the court shall allow the parties a reasonable period of time in which to present oral argument.
(4) At the conclusion of the evidentiary portion of the proceeding, the court shall provide oral and written instructions to the jury to guide its deliberations. If the prosecuting attorney relies on K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6624(a), and amendments thereto, as an aggravating circumstance, and the court finds that one or more of the defendant's prior convictions satisfy such subsection, the jury shall be instructed that a certified journal entry of a prior conviction is presumed to prove the existence of such prior conviction or convictions beyond a reasonable doubt.
(5) If, by unanimous vote, the jury finds beyond a reasonable doubt that one or more of the aggravating circumstances enumerated in K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6624, and amendments thereto, exist, the jury shall designate, in writing, signed by the foreman of the jury, the statutory aggravating circumstances which it found. If, after a reasonable time for deliberation, the jury is unable to reach a unanimous sentencing decision, the court shall dismiss the jury and the defendant shall be sentenced as provided by law. In nonjury cases, the court shall designate, in writing, the specific circumstance or circumstances which the court found beyond a reasonable doubt.
(6) If one or more of the aggravating circumstances enumerated in K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6624, and amendments thereto, are found to exist beyond a reasonable doubt pursuant to this subsection, the defendant shall be sentenced pursuant to K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6623, and amendments thereto, unless the sentencing judge finds substantial and compelling reasons, following a review of mitigating circumstances, to impose the sentence specified in this paragraph. If the sentencing judge does not impose the mandatory minimum term of imprisonment required by K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6623, and amendments thereto, the judge shall state on the record at the time of sentencing the substantial and compelling reasons therefor, and the defendant shall be sentenced to imprisonment for life and shall not be eligible for probation or suspension, modification or reduction of sentence. In addition, the defendant shall not be eligible for parole prior to serving 25 years' imprisonment, and such 25 years' imprisonment shall not be reduced by the application of good time credits. No other sentence shall be permitted.
(e) The provisions of this subsection shall apply only to the crime of murder in the first degree based upon the finding of premeditated murder committed prior to September 6, 2013.
(1) If a defendant is convicted of murder in the first degree based upon the finding of premeditated murder, upon reasonable notice by the prosecuting attorney, the court shall conduct a separate sentencing proceeding in accordance with this subsection to determine whether the defendant shall be required to serve a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 40 years or for crimes committed on and after July 1, 1999, a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 50 years or sentenced as otherwise provided by law.
(2) The sentencing proceeding shall be conducted by the court before a jury as soon as practicable. If the trial jury has been discharged prior to sentencing, a new jury shall be impaneled. Any decision to impose a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 40 or 50 years shall be by a unanimous jury. Jury selection procedures, qualifications of jurors and grounds for exemption or challenge of prospective jurors in criminal trials shall be applicable to the selection of such jury. The jury at the sentencing proceeding may be waived in the manner provided by K.S.A. 22-3403, and amendments thereto, for waiver of a trial jury. If the jury at the sentencing proceeding has been waived, such proceeding shall be conducted by the court.
(3) In the sentencing proceeding, evidence may be presented concerning any matter that the court deems relevant to the question of sentence and shall include matters relating to any of the aggravating circumstances enumerated in K.S.A. 21-6624, or for crimes committed prior to July 1, 2011, K.S.A. 21-4636, prior to its repeal, and amendments thereto, and any mitigating circumstances. Any such evidence which the court deems to have probative value may be received regardless of its admissibility under the rules of evidence, provided that the defendant is accorded a fair opportunity to rebut any hearsay statements. Only such evidence of aggravating circumstances as the prosecuting attorney has made known to the defendant prior to the sentencing proceeding shall be admissible and no evidence secured in violation of the constitution of the United States or of the state of Kansas shall be admissible. Only such evidence of mitigating circumstances subject to discovery pursuant to K.S.A. 22-3212, and amendments thereto, that the defendant has made known to the prosecuting attorney prior to the sentencing proceeding shall be admissible. No testimony by the defendant at the time of sentencing shall be admissible against the defendant at any subsequent criminal proceeding. At the conclusion of the evidentiary presentation, the court shall allow the parties a reasonable period of time in which to present oral argument.
(4) At the conclusion of the evidentiary portion of the sentencing proceeding, the court shall provide oral and written instructions to the jury to guide its deliberations. If the prosecuting attorney relies on K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6624(a), and amendments thereto, or for crimes committed prior to July 1, 2011, K.S.A. 21-4636(a), prior to its repeal, as an aggravating circumstance, and the court finds that one or more of the defendant's prior convictions satisfy such subsection, the jury shall be instructed that a certified journal entry of a prior conviction is presumed to prove the existence of such prior conviction or convictions beyond a reasonable doubt.
(5) If by unanimous vote, the jury finds beyond a reasonable doubt the that one or more of the aggravating circumstances enumerated in K.S.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6624, and amendments thereto, or for crimes committed prior to July 1, 2011, K.S.A. 21-4636, prior to its repeal, exist and, further, that the existence of such aggravating circumstances is not outweighed by any mitigating circumstances which are found to exist, the defendant shall be sentenced pursuant to K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6623, and amendments thereto; otherwise, the defendant shall be sentenced as provided by law. The sentencing jury shall designate, in writing, signed by the foreman of the jury, the statutory aggravating circumstances which it found. The trier of fact may make the findings required by this subsection for the purpose of determining whether to sentence a defendant pursuant to K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6623, and amendments thereto, notwithstanding contrary findings made by the jury or court pursuant to subsection (e) of K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6617, and amendments thereto, for the purpose of determining whether to sentence such defendant to death. If, after a reasonable time for deliberation, the jury is unable to reach a unanimous sentencing decision, the court shall dismiss the jury and the defendant shall be sentenced as provided by law. In nonjury cases, the court shall designate in writing the specific circumstance or circumstances which the court found beyond a reasonable doubt.
(f) The amendments to subsection (e) by chapter 1 of the 2013 Session Laws of Kansas (Special Session):
(1) Establish a procedural rule for sentencing proceedings, and as such shall be construed and applied retroactively to all crimes committed prior to the effective date of this act, except as provided further in this subsection;
(2) shall not apply to cases in which the defendant's conviction and sentence were final prior to June 17, 2013, unless the conviction or sentence has been vacated in a collateral proceeding, including, but not limited to, K.S.A. 22-3504 or 60-1507, and amendments thereto; and
(3) shall apply only in sentencing proceedings otherwise authorized by law.
(g) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (h), for all cases on appeal on or after September 6, 2013, if a sentence imposed under this section, prior to amendment by chapter 1 of the 2013 Session Laws of Kansas (Special Session), or under K.S.A. 21-4635, prior to its repeal, is vacated for any reason other than sufficiency of the evidence as to all aggravating circumstances, resentencing shall be required under this section, as amended by chapter 1 of the 2013 Session Laws of Kansas (Special Session), unless the prosecuting attorney chooses not to pursue such a sentence.
(h) In the event any sentence imposed under this section is held to be unconstitutional, the court having jurisdiction over a person previously sentenced shall cause such person to be brought before the court and shall sentence such person to the maximum term of imprisonment otherwise provided by law.
(i) If any provision or provisions of this section or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications of this section which can be given effect without the invalid provision or provisions or application, and to this end the provisions of this section are severable.
History: L. 1994, ch. 341, § 6; L. 1999, ch. 164, § 15; L. 2004, ch. 102, § 4; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 260; L. 2011, ch. 30, § 70; L. 2013, ch. 1, § 1 (Special Session); Sept. 6; L. 2014, ch. 114, § 4; L. 2017, ch. 92, § 1; July 1.
21-6621. Sentencing of certain persons to mandatory term of imprisonment of 40 years; juveniles prosecuted as adults.
If the court authorizes prosecution as an adult of a juvenile pursuant to K.S.A. 2009 Supp. 38-2347, and amendments thereto, the county or district attorney may proceed pursuant to K.S.A. 21-6620, 21-6622, 21-6623, 21-6624, 21-6625, and amendments thereto.
History: L. 1994, ch. 341, § 4; L. 2006, ch. 169, § 99; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 261, July 1, 2011.
21-6622. Same; persons determined to have an intellectual disability.
(a) If, under K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6617, and amendments thereto, the county or district attorney has filed a notice of intent to request a separate sentencing proceeding to determine whether the defendant should be sentenced to death and the defendant is convicted of the crime of capital murder, the defendant’s counsel or the warden of the correctional institution or sheriff having custody of the defendant may request a determination by the court of whether the defendant is a person with intellectual disability. If the court determines that there is not sufficient reason to believe that the defendant is a a person with intellectual disability, the court shall so find and the defendant shall be sentenced in accordance with sections K.S.A. 21-6617, 21-6619, 21-6624,21-6625, 21-6628, and 21-6629, and amendments thereto. If the court determines that there is sufficient reason to believe that the defendant is a person with intellectual disability, the court shall conduct a hearing to determine whether the defendant is a a person with intellectual disability.
(b) If a defendant is convicted of the crime of capital murder and a sentence of death is not imposed, or if a defendant is convicted of the crime of murder in the first degree based upon the finding of premeditated murder, the defendant’s counsel or the warden of the correctional institution or sheriff having custody of the defendant may request a determination by the court of whether the defendant is a a person with intellectual disability. If the court determines that there is not sufficient reason to believe that the defendant is a person with intellectual disability, the court shall so find and the defendant shall be sentenced in accordance with K.S.A. 21-6620, 21-6623, 21-6624 and 21-6625, and amendments thereto. If the court determines that there is sufficient reason to believe that the defendant is a person with intellectual disability, the court shall conduct a hearing to determine whether the defendant is a person with intellectual disability.
(c) At the hearing, the court shall determine whether the defendant is a person with intellectual disability. The court shall order a psychiatric or psychological examination of the defendant. For that purpose, the court shall appoint two licensed physicians or licensed psychologists, or one of each, qualified by training and practice to make such examination, to examine the defendant and report their findings in writing to the judge within 14 days after the order of examination is issued. The defendant shall have the right to present evidence and cross-examine any witnesses at the hearing. No statement made by the defendant in the course of any examination provided for by this section, whether or not the defendant consents to the examination, shall be admitted in evidence against the defendant in any criminal proceeding.
(d) If, at the conclusion of a hearing pursuant to subsection (a), the court determines that the defendant is not a person with intellectual disability, the defendant shall be sentenced in accordance with K.S.A. 21-6617, 21-6619,21-6624, 21-6625,21-6628, 21-6629, and amendments thereto.
(e) If, at the conclusion of a hearing pursuant to subsection (b), the court determines that the defendant is not a person with intellectual disabilitym the defendant shall be sentenced in accordance with K.S.A. 21-6620, 21-6623, 21-6624 and 21-6625, and amendments thereto.
(f) If, at the conclusion of a hearing pursuant to this section, the court determines that the defendant is a person with intellectual disability, the court shall sentence the defendant as otherwise provided by law, and no sentence of death, life without the possibility of parole, or mandatory term of imprisonment pursuant to K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6623, 21-6624 and 21-6625, and amendments thereto, shall be imposed hereunder.
(g) Unless otherwise ordered by the court for good cause shown, the provisions of subsection (b) shall not apply if it has been determined, pursuant to a hearing granted under the provisions of subsection (a), that the defendant is not a person with intellectual disability.
(h) As used in this section, "intellectual disability" means having significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, as defined by K.S.A. 76-12b01, and amendments thereto, to an extent which substantially impairs one’s capacity to appreciate the criminality of one’s conduct or to conform one’s conduct to the requirements of law.
History: L. 1990, ch. 99, § 3; L. 1994, ch. 252, § 3; L. 1994, ch. 341, § 5; L. 2004, ch. 102, § 2; L. 2010, ch. 135, §§ 9, 11; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 262, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 71, L. 2012, ch. 91, § 16; L. 2017, ch. 92, § 2; July 1.
21-6623. Imposition of sentence of mandatory imprisonment of 40 years or 50 years.
When it is provided by law that a person shall be sentenced pursuant to this section, such person shall be sentenced to imprisonment for life and shall not be eligible for probation or suspension, modification or reduction of sentence. Except as otherwise provided, in addition, a person sentenced pursuant to this section shall not be eligible for parole prior to serving 40 years’ imprisonment, and such 40 years’ imprisonment shall not be reduced by the application of good time credits. For crimes committed on or after July 1, 1999, a person sentenced pursuant to this section shall not be eligible for parole prior to serving 50 years’ imprisonment, and such 50 years’ imprisonment shall not be reduced by the application of good time credits. For crimes committed on or after July 1, 2006, a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 50 years shall not apply if the court finds that the defendant, because of the defendant’s criminal history classification, would be subject to presumptive imprisonment pursuant to the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes and the sentencing range exceeds would exceed 600 months if the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime was imposed. In such case, the defendant is required to serve a mandatory minimum term equal to the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime pursuant to the sentencing range, the defendant shall not be eligible for parole prior to serving such mandatory minimum term of imprisonment, and such mandatory minimum term of imprisonment shall not be reduced by the application of good time credits. No other sentence shall be permitted. Upon sentencing a defendant pursuant to this section, the court shall commit the defendant to the custody of the secretary of corrections and the court shall state in the sentencing order of the judgment form or journal entry, whichever is delivered with the defendant to the correctional institution, that the defendant has been sentenced pursuant to K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6623, and amendments thereto.
History: L. 1994, ch. 341, § 9; L. 1999, ch. 164, § 16; L. 2006, ch. 212, §15; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 263, L. 2017, ch. 92, § 3; July 1.
21-6624. Same; aggravating circumstances.
Aggravating circumstances shall be limited to the following:
(a) The defendant was previously convicted of a felony in which the defendant inflicted great bodily harm, disfigurement, dismemberment or death on another.
(b) The defendant knowingly or purposely killed or created a great risk of death to more than one person.
(c) The defendant committed the crime for the defendant’s self or another for the purpose of receiving money or any other thing of monetary value.
(d) The defendant authorized or employed another person to commit the crime.
(e) The defendant committed the crime in order to avoid or prevent a lawful arrest or prosecution.
(f) The defendant committed the crime in an especially heinous, atrocious or cruel manner. A finding that the victim was aware of such victim’s fate or had conscious pain and suffering as a result of the physical trauma that resulted in the victim’s death is not necessary to find that the manner in which the defendant killed the victim was especially heinous, atrocious or cruel. Conduct which is heinous, atrocious or cruel may include, but is not limited to:
(1) Prior stalking of or criminal threats to the victim;
(2) preparation or planning, indicating an intention that the killing was meant to be especially heinous, atrocious or cruel;
(3) infliction of mental anguish or physical abuse before the victim’s death;
(4) torture of the victim;
(5) continuous acts of violence begun before or continuing after the killing;
(6) desecration of the victim’s body in a manner indicating a particular depravity of mind, either during or following the killing; or
(7) any other conduct the trier of fact expressly finds is especially heinous.
(g) The defendant committed the crime while serving a sentence of imprisonment on conviction of a felony.
(h) The victim was killed while engaging in, or because of the victim’s performance or prospective performance of, the victim’s duties as a witness in a criminal proceeding.
History: L. 1990, ch. 99, § 5; L. 1994, ch. 341, § 7; L. 1999, ch. 138, § 1; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 264; L. 2013, ch. 1, § 2 (Special Session); Sept. 6.
21-6625. Persons convicted of capital murder; mitigating circumstances.
(a) Mitigating circumstances shall include, but are not limited to, the following:
(1) The defendant has no significant history of prior criminal activity.
(2) The crime was committed while the defendant was under the influence of extreme mental or emotional disturbances.
(3) The victim was a participant in or consented to the defendant’s conduct.
(4) The defendant was an accomplice in the crime committed by another person, and the defendant’s participation was relatively minor.
(5) The defendant acted under extreme distress or under the substantial domination of another person.
(6) The capacity of the defendant to appreciate the criminality of the defendant’s conduct or to conform the defendant’s conduct to the requirements of law was substantially impaired.
(7) The age of the defendant at the time of the crime.
(8) At the time of the crime, the defendant was suffering from post-traumatic stress syndrome caused by violence or abuse by the victim.
(b) Pursuant to hearing under K.S.A. 21-6617, and amendments thereto, mitigating circumstances shall include circumstances where a term of imprisonment is found to be sufficient to defend and protect the people’s safety from the defendant.
History: L. 1990, ch. 99, § 6; L. 1994, ch. 341, § 8; L. 1998, ch. 185, § 2; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 265, July 1, 2011.
21-6626. Aggravated habitual sex offender; sentence to imprisonment for life without parole.
(a) An aggravated habitual sex offender shall be sentenced to imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole. Such offender shall spend the remainder of the offender’s natural life incarcerated and in the custody of the secretary of corrections. An offender who is sentenced to imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole shall not be eligible for commutation of sentence, parole, probation, assignment to a community correctional services program, conditional release, postrelease supervision, functional incapacitation release pursuant to K.S.A. 22-3728, and amendments thereto, or suspension, modification or reduction of sentence.
(b) Upon sentencing a defendant to imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole, the court shall commit the defendant to the custody of the secretary of corrections and the court shall state in the sentencing order of the judgment form or journal entry, whichever is delivered with the defendant to the correctional institution, that the defendant has been sentenced to imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole.
(c) As used in this section:
(1) "Aggravated habitual sex offender" means a person who, on and after July 1, 2006:
(A) Has been convicted in this state of a sexually violent crime, as described in subsection (c)(2)(A) through (c)(2)(J) or (c)(2)(L); and
(B) prior to the conviction of the felony under subparagraph (A), has been convicted of two or more sexually violent crimes;
(2) ‘‘Sexually violent crime’’ means:
(A) Rape, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3502, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5503, and amendments thereto;
(B) indecent liberties with a child or aggravated indecent liberties with a child, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3503 or 21-3504, prior to their repeal, or K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5506, and amendments thereto;
(C) criminal sodomy, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3505(a)(2) or (3), prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5504(a)(3) or (4), and amendments thereto;
(D) aggravated criminal sodomy, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3506, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5504, and amendments thereto;
(E) indecent solicitation of a child or aggravated indecent solicitation of a child, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3510 or 21-3511, prior to their repeal, or K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5508, and amendments thereto;
(F) sexual exploitation of a child, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3516, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5510, and amendments thereto;
(G) aggravated sexual battery, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3518, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5505, and amendments thereto;
(H) aggravated incest, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3603, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5604, and amendments thereto;
(I) aggravated human trafficking, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3447, prior to its repeal, or K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5426(b), and amendments thereto, if committed in whole or in part for the purpose of the sexual gratification of the defendant or another;
(J) commercial sexual exploitation of a child, as defined in K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6422, and amendments thereto;
(K) internet trading in child pornography or aggravated internet trading in child pornography, as defined in section 3, and amendments thereto;
(L) any federal or other state conviction for a felony offense that under the laws of this state would be a sexually violent crime as defined in this section;
(M) an attempt, conspiracy or criminal solicitation, as defined in K.S.A. 21-3301, 21-3302 or 21-3303, prior to their repeal, or K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5301, 21-5302 or 21-5303, and amendments thereto, of a sexually violent crime as defined in this section; or
(N) any act which at the time of sentencing for the offense has been determined beyond a reasonable doubt to have been sexually motivated. As used in this subparagraph, ‘‘sexually motivated’’ means that one of the purposes for which the defendant committed the crime was for the purpose of the defendant’s sexual gratification.
History: L. 2006, ch. 212, § 1; L. 2009, ch. 70, § 3, L. 2010, ch. 109, § 17, L. 2010, ch. 136, § 266, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 72, L. 2011, ch. 91, § 37, L. 2013, ch. 120, § 20; L. 2014, ch. 114, § 5; L. 2017, ch. 78, § 16; July 1.
21-6627. Mandatory term of imprisonment of 25 or 40 years for certain sex offenders; exceptions.
(a) (1) Except as provided in subsection (b) or (d), a defendant who is 18 years of age or older and is convicted of the following crimes committed on or after July 1, 2006, shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment for life with a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of not less than 25 years unless the court determines that the defendant should be sentenced as determined in subsection (a)(2):
(A) Aggravated human trafficking, as defined in K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5426(b), and amendments thereto, if the victim is less than 14 years of age;
(B) rape, as defined in K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5503(a)(3), and amendments thereto;
(C) aggravated indecent liberties with a child, as defined in K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5506(b)(3), and amendments thereto;
(D) aggravated criminal sodomy, as defined in K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5504(b)(1) or (2), and amendments thereto;
(E) commercial sexual exploitation of a child, as defined in K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6422, and amendments thereto, if the victim is less than 14 years of age;
(F) sexual exploitation of a child, as defined in K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-5510(a)(1) or (4), and amendments thereto, if the child is less than 14 years of age;
(G) aggravated internet trading in child pornography, as defined in K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5514(b), and amendments thereto, if the child is less than 14 years of ages; and
(H) an attempt, conspiracy or criminal solicitation, as defined in K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5301, 21-5302 or 21-5303, and amendments thereto, of an offense defined in subsections (a)(1)(A) through (a)(1)(G).
(2) The provision of subsection (a)(1) requiring a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of not less than 25 years shall not apply if the court finds:
(A) The defendant is an aggravated habitual sex offender and sentenced pursuant to K.S.A. 21-6626, and amendments thereto; or
(B) the defendant, because of the defendant’s criminal history classification, would be subject to presumptive imprisonment pursuant to the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes and the sentencing range would exceed 300 months if the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime was imposed. In such case, the defendant is required to serve a mandatory minimum term equal to the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime pursuant to the sentencing range.
(b) (1) On and after July 1, 2006, if a defendant who is 18 years of age or older is convicted of a crime listed in subsection (a)(1) and such defendant has previously been convicted of a crime listed in subsection (a)(1), a crime in effect at any time prior to July 1, 2011, which is substantially the same as a crime listed in subsection (a)(1) or a crime under a law of another jurisdiction which is substantially the same as a crime listed in subsection (a)(1), the court shall sentence the defendant to a term of imprisonment for life with a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of not less than 40 years. The provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to a crime committed under K.S.A. 21-5507, and amendments thereto, or a crime under a law of another jurisdiction which is substantially the same as K.S.A. 21-5507, and amendments thereto.
(2) The provision of subsection (b)(1) requiring a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of not less than 40 years shall not apply if the court finds:
(A) The defendant is an aggravated habitual sex offender and sentenced pursuant to K.S.A. 21-6626, and amendments thereto; or
(B) the defendant, because of the defendant’s criminal history classification, would be subject to presumptive imprisonment pursuant to the sentencing guidelines grid for nondrug crimes and the sentencing range would exceed 480 months if the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime was imposed. In such case, the defendant is required to serve a mandatory minimum term equal to the sentence established for a severity level 1 crime pursuant to the sentencing range.
(c) When a person is sentenced pursuant to subsection (a) or (b), such person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of not less than 25 years, 40 years or be sentenced as determined in subsection (a)(2) or subsection (b)(2), whichever is applicable, and shall not be eligible for probation or suspension, modification or reduction of sentence. In addition, a person sentenced pursuant to this section shall not be eligible for parole prior to serving such mandatory term of imprisonment, and such imprisonment shall not be reduced by the application of good time credits. Except as provided in subsection (d), no other sentence shall be permitted.
(d) (1) On or after July 1, 2006, for a first time conviction of an offense listed in subsection (a)(1), the sentencing judge shall impose the mandatory minimum term of imprisonment provided by subsection (a), unless the judge finds substantial and compelling reasons, following a review of mitigating circumstances, to impose a departure. If the sentencing judge departs from such mandatory minimum term of imprisonment, the judge shall state on the record at the time of sentencing the substantial and compelling reasons for the departure. The departure sentence shall be the sentence pursuant to the revised Kansas sentencing guidelines act, K.S.A. 21-6801 through 21-6824, and amendments thereto, and no sentence of a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment shall be imposed hereunder.
(2) As used in this subsection, "mitigating circumstances" shall include, but are not limited to, the following:
(A) The defendant has no significant history of prior criminal activity;
(B) the crime was committed while the defendant was under the influence of extreme mental or emotional disturbances;
(C) the victim was an accomplice in the crime committed by another person, and the defendant’s participation was relatively minor;
(D) the defendant acted under extreme distress or under the substantial domination of another person;
(E) the capacity of the defendant to appreciate the criminality of the defendant’s conduct or to conform the defendant’s conduct to the requirements of law was substantially impaired; and
(F) the age of the defendant at the time of the crime.
(e) The provisions of K.S.A. 21-3301, 21-3302 or 21-3303, prior to their repeal, or K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 21-5301, 21-5302 or 21-5303, and amendments thereto, shall not apply to any defendant sentenced pursuant to this section.
History: L. 2006, ch. 212, § 2; L. 2007, ch. 198, § 5; L. 2010, ch. 109, § 18, April 29; L. 2010, ch. 155, § 7, L. 2010, ch. 136, § 267, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 73, L. 2013, ch. 120, § 21; L. 2017, ch. 78, § 17; L. 2017, ch. 92, § 4; L. 2018, ch. 102, § 4; July 1.
21-6628. Modification of sentence previously determined under act; when.
(a) In the event the term of imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole or any provision of K.S.A. 21-6626 or 21-6627, and amendments thereto, authorizing such term is held to be unconstitutional by the supreme court of Kansas or the United States supreme court, the court having jurisdiction over a person previously sentenced shall cause such person to be brought before the court and shall modify the sentence to require no term of imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole and shall sentence the defendant to the maximum term of imprisonment otherwise provided by law.
(b) In the event a sentence of death or any provision of chapter 252 of the 1994 Session Laws of Kansas authorizing such sentence is held to be unconstitutional by the supreme court of Kansas or the United States supreme court, the court having jurisdiction over a person previously sentenced shall cause such person to be brought before the court and shall modify the sentence and resentence the defendant as otherwise provided by law.
(c) In the event the mandatory term of imprisonment or any provision of chapter 341 of the 1994 Session Laws of Kansas authorizing such mandatory term is held to be unconstitutional by the supreme court of Kansas or the United States supreme court, the court having jurisdiction over a person previously sentenced shall cause such person to be brought before the court and shall modify the sentence to require no mandatory term of imprisonment and shall sentence the defendant as otherwise provided by law.
History: L. 1990, ch. 99, § 9; L. 1994, ch. 252, § 6; L. 1994, ch. 341, § 10; L. 2006, ch. 212, § 22; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 268, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 74, July 1.
21-6629. Same; provisions of certain sentencing rules; application of such provisions.
(a) The provisions of K.S.A. 21-4622 through 21-4630, as they existed immediately prior to July 1, 1994, shall be applicable only to persons convicted of crimes committed on or after July 1, 1990, and before July 1, 1994.
(b) The provisions of K.S.A. 21-4622 through 21-4627 and 21-4629 and 21-4630, as amended on July 1, 1994, and prior to their repeal, and K.S.A. 21-6617, 21-6618, 21-6619,21-6622, 21-6624, 21-6625 and subsection (b) of K.S.A. 21-6628, and amendments thereto, shall be applicable only to persons convicted of crimes committed on or after July 1, 1994.
(c) K.S.A. 21-4633 through 21-4640 prior to their repeal, and K.S.A. 22-6620, 21-6621, 21-6622, 21-6623, 21-6624, 21-6625 and subsection (c) of K.S.A. 21-6628, and amendments thereto, shall be applicable only to persons convicted of crimes committed on or after July 1, 1994.
History: L. 1990, ch. 99, § 11; L. 1994, ch. 252, § 7; L. 1994, ch. 341, § 12; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 269, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 75, July 1.
21-6630. Mental illness stemming from service in a combat zone.
(a) Upon motion of the defendant at the time of conviction or prior to sentencing, a defendant convicted of a criminal offense may assert that such defendant committed such offense as a result of an injury, including major depressive disorder, polytrauma, post-traumatic stress disorder, or traumatic brain injury, connected to service in a combat zone in the armed forces of the United States of America. The court shall hold a hearing to determine whether the defendant:
(1) Has served in the armed forces of the United States of America in a combat zone, as defined in section 112 of the federal internal revenue code of 1986. Proof of such service shall consist of a certification by the executive director of the Kansas commission on veterans affairs in accordance with K.S.A. 73-1209, and amendments thereto;
(2) suffers from injury; and
(3) injury was connected to service in a combat zone in the armed forces of the United States of America.
(b) (1) Except as provided in subsection (b)(2), if the court determines that such defendant meets the criteria provided in subsection (a) and such defendant’s current crime of conviction and criminal history fall within a presumptive nonprison category under the sentencing guidelines, the court may order such defendant to undergo inpatient or outpatient treatment from any treatment facility or program operated by the United States department of defense, United States department of veterans affairs or the Kansas national guard if the defendant is eligible for and consents to such treatment.
(2) If the court determines that such defendant meets the criteria provided in subsection (a), such defendant is ineligible for treatment pursuant to subsection (b)(1), and such defendant meets the requirements established in K.S.A. 2014 Supp. 21-6824, and amendments thereto, the provisions of K.S.A. 2014 Supp. 21-6824, and amendments thereto, shall apply.
(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the court’s authority to:
(1) Order any other sanction pursuant to K.S.A. 2013 Supp. 21-6602 or 21-6604, and amendments thereto;
(2) order a mental examination pursuant to K.S.A. 22-3429, and amendments thereto;
(3) order commitment pursuant to K.S.A. 22-3430 et seq., and amendments thereto; or
(4) determine that a person is a mentally ill person subject to involuntary commitment for care and treatment as defined in K.S.A. 59-2946, and amendments thereto.
(d) As used in this section:
(1) "Major depressive disorder" and "post-traumatic stress disorder" means posttraumatic stress disorder as mean the same as such terms are defined in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5, 2013), of the American psychiatric association and that occurred as a result of events during the person’s defendant’s service in one or more combat zones.
(2) "Polytrauma" means injury to multiple body parts and organ systems that occurred as a result of events during the defendant’s service in one or more combat zones.
(3) "Traumatic brain injury" means injury to the brain caused by physical trauma that occurred as a result of events during the defendant’s service in one or more combat zones.
(e) This section shall be a part of and supplemental to the Kansas criminal code.
History: L. 2014, ch. 95, § 1; L. 2015, ch. 76, § 6; July 1.