K.S.A. Chapter 21 Article 59

Kansas Statutes Chapter 21 - Article 59

CRIMES AFFECTING GOVERNMENTAL FUNCTIONS

Current through end of 2023 legislative session

21-5901 Treason.

21-5902 Sedition.

21-5903 Perjury.

21-5904 Interference with law enforcement.

21-5905 Interference with the judicial process.

21-5906 Criminal disclosure of a warrant.

21-5907 Simulating legal process.

21-5908 Witness or victim intimidation; definitions.

21-5909 Intimidation of a witness or victim.

21-5910 Civil remedies, court orders authorized.

21-5911 Escape from custody.

21-5912 Aiding escape.

21-5913 Obstructing apprehension or prosecution.

21-5914 Traffic in contraband in a correctional institution or care and treatment facility.

21-5915 Failure to appear.

21-5916 False signing of a petition.

21-5917 False impersonation.

21-5918 Dealing in false identification documents.

21-5919 Performance of an unauthorized official act.

21-5920 Tampering with a public record.

21-5921 Tampering with public notice.

21-5922 Interference with the conduct of public business in public buildings.

21-5923 Unlawful disclosure of authorized interception of wire, oral or electronic communications.

21-5924 Violation of a protective order.

21-5925 Kansas medicaid fraud control act; citation.

21-5926 Definitions.

21-5927 Making a false claim to the medicaid program.

21-5928 Unlawful acts relating to the medicaid program.

21-5929 Obstruction of a medicaid fraud investigation.

21-5930 Failure to maintain adequate records.

21-5931 Destruction or concealment of records.

21-5932 Defense of actions.

21-5933 Penalties; medicaid fraud reimbursement fund; medicaid fraud prosecution revolving fund.

21-5934 Other remedies available as provided by law.

21-5935 Failure to register an aircraft.

21-5936 Fraudulent aircraft registration.

21-5937 Fraudulent acts relating to aircraft identification numbers.

21-5938 Failure to report the death or disappearance of a child.

21-5939 Unlawful acts involving an automated sales suppression device.

21-5940 False recording of a record.

21-5901. Treason.

(a) Treason is intentionally levying war against the state, adhering to its enemies, or giving them aid and comfort.

(b) Treason is an off-grid person felony.

(c) No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the evidence of two witnesses to the overt act or confession in open court.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3801; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 146; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 97; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 126, July 1, 2011.

21-5902. Sedition.

(a) Sedition is advocating, or with knowledge of its contents knowingly publishing or distributing any document which advocates, or, with knowledge of its purpose, knowingly becoming a member of any organization which advocates the overthrow or reformation of the existing form of government of this state by violence or unlawful means.

(b) Sedition is a severity level 7, nonperson felony.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3802; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 147; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 98; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 127, July 1, 2011.

21-5903. Perjury.

(a) Perjury is intentionally and falsely:

(1) Swearing, testifying, affirming, declaring or subscribing to any material fact upon any oath or affirmation legally administered in any cause, matter or proceeding before any court, tribunal, public body, notary public or other officer authorized to administer oaths;

(2) subscribing as true and correct under penalty of perjury any material matter in any declaration, verification, certificate or statement as permitted by K.S.A. 53-601, and amendments thereto.

(b) Perjury is a:

(1) Severity level 9, nonperson felony, except as provided in subsection (b)(2); and

(2) severity level 7, nonperson felony if the false statement is made upon the trial of a felony charge.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3805; L. 1982, ch. 132, § 4; L. 1989, ch. 93, § 2; L. 1992, ch. 298, § 52; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 99; L. 1994, ch. 291, § 35; L. 1997, ch. 182, § 86; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 128, L. 2013, ch. 3, § 1; July 1.

21-5904. Interference with law enforcement.

(a) Interference with law enforcement is:

(1) Falsely reporting to a law enforcement officer, law enforcement agency or state investigative agency:

(A) That a particular person has committed a crime, knowing that such information is false and intending that the officer or agency shall act in reliance upon such information;

(B) that a law enforcement officer has committed a crime or committed misconduct in the performance of such officer’s duties, knowing that such information is false and intending that the officer or agency shall act in reliance upon such information;

(C) any information, knowing that such information is false and intending to influence, impede or obstruct such officer’s or agency’s duty; or

(D) any information concerning the death, disappearance or potential death or disappearance of a child under the age of 13, knowing that such information is false and intending that the officer or agency shall act in reliance upon such information;

(2) concealing, destroying or materially altering evidence with the intent to prevent or hinder the apprehension or prosecution of any person; or

(3) knowingly obstructing, resisting or opposing any person authorized by law to serve process in the service or execution or in the attempt to serve or execute any writ, warrant, process or order of a court, or in the discharge of any official duty.

(4) knowingly fleeing from a law enforcement officer, other than fleeing by operation of a motor vehicle, when the law enforcement officer has:

(A) Reason to stop the person under K.S.A. 22-2402, and amendments thereto; and

(B) given the person visual or audible signal to stop.

(b) Interference with law enforcement as defined in:

(1) Subsection (a)(1)(A) and (a)(1)(B) is a:

(A) Class A nonperson misdemeanor, except as provided in subsection (b)(1)(B); and

(B) severity level 8, nonperson felony in the case of a felony;

(2) subsection(a)(1)(C) is a:

(A) Class A nonperson misdemeanor, except as provided in subsection (b)(2)(B); and

(B) severity level 9, nonperson felony in the case of a felony;

(3) subsection (a)(1)(D) is a severity level 8, nonperson felony;

(4) subsection (a)(2) is a:

(A) Class A nonperson misdemeanor, except as provided in subsection (b)(4)(B); and

(B) severity level 8, nonperson felony in the case of a felony;

(5) subsection (a)(3) is a:

(A) Severity level 9, nonperson felony in the case of a felony, or resulting from parole or any authorized disposition for a felony; and

(B) class A nonperson misdemeanor in the case of a misdemeanor, or resulting from any authorized disposition for a misdemeanor, or a civil case; and

(6) subsection (a)(4) is a:

(A) Class A nonperson misdemeanor in the case of a misdemeanor, or resulting from any authorized disposition for a misdemeanor, or a civil case;

(B) severity level 7, nonperson felony in the case of a felony, or resulting from parole or any authorized disposition for a felony; and

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3818; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 152; L. 1992, ch. 298, § 55; L. 1993, ch. 142, § 2; L. 1993, ch. 291, §§ 101, 111; L. 1994, ch. 291, § 36; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 129, L. 2012, ch. 119, § 2; L. 2012, ch. 150, § 20; L. 2013, ch. 133, § 6; L. 2014, ch. 95, § 2; L. 2023, ch. 94, § 5; July 1.

21-5905. Interference with the judicial process.

(a) Interference with the judicial process is:

(1) Communicating with any judicial officer in relation to any matter which is or may be brought before such judge, magistrate, master or juror with intent improperly to influence such officer;

(2) committing any of the following acts, with intent to influence, impede or obstruct the finding, decision, ruling, order, judgment or decree of such judicial officer or prosecutor on any matter then pending before the officer or prosecutor:

(A) Communicating in any manner a threat of violence to any judicial officer or any prosecutor;

(B) harassing a judicial officer or a prosecutor by repeated vituperative communication; or

(3) picketing, parading or demonstrating in or near a building housing a judicial officer or a prosecutor with intent to impede or obstruct the finding, decision, ruling, order, judgment or decree of such judicial officer or prosecutor on any matter then pending before the officer or prosecutor;

(4) knowingly accepting or agreeing to accept anything of value as consideration for a promise:

(A) Not to initiate or aid in the prosecution of a person who has committed a crime; or

(B) to conceal or destroy evidence of a crime;

(5) knowingly or intentionally in any criminal proceeding or investigation:

(A) Inducing a witness or informant to withhold or unreasonably delay in producing any testimony, information, document or thing;

(B) withholding or unreasonably delaying in producing any testimony, information, document or thing after a court orders the production of such testimony, information, document or thing;

(C) altering, damaging, removing or destroying any record, document or thing, with the intent to prevent it from being produced or used as evidence; or

(D) making, presenting or using a false record, document or thing with the intent that the record, document or thing, material to such criminal proceeding or investigation, appear in evidence to mislead a justice, judge, magistrate, master or law enforcement officer;

(6) when performed by a person summoned or sworn as a juror in any case:

(A) Intentionally soliciting, accepting or agreeing to accept from another any benefit as consideration to wrongfully give a verdict for or against any party in any proceeding, civil or criminal;

(B) intentionally promising or agreeing to wrongfully give a verdict for or against any party in any proceeding, civil or criminal; or

(C) knowingly receiving any evidence or information from anyone in relation to any matter or cause for the trial of which such juror has been or will be sworn, without the authority of the court or officer before whom such juror has been summoned, and without immediately disclosing the same to such court or officer.

(7) knowingly making available by any means personal information about a judge or the judge’s immediate family member, if the dissemination of the personal information poses an imminent and serious threat to the judge’s safety or the safety of such judge’s immediate family member, and the person making the information available knows or reasonably should know of the imminent and serious threat.

(b) Interference with the judicial process as defined in:

(1) Subsection (a)(1) is a severity level 9, nonperson felony;

(2) subsection (a)(2) and (a)(3) is a class A nonperson misdemeanor;

(3) subsection (a)(4) is a:

(A) Severity level 8, nonperson felony if the crime is a felony; or

(B) class A nonperson misdemeanor if the crime is a misdemeanor;

(4) subsection (a)(5) is a:

(A) Severity level 8, nonperson felony if the matter or case involves a felony; or

(B) class A nonperson misdemeanor if the matter or case involves a misdemeanor;

(5) subsection(a)(6)(A) is a severity level 7, nonperson felony; and

(6) subsection (a)(6)(B) or (a)(6)(C) is a severity level 9, nonperson felony; and

(7) subsection (a)(7) is a:

(A) Class A person misdemeanor, except as provided in subsection (b)(7)(B); and

(B) severity level 9, person felony upon a second or subsequent conviction.

(c) Nothing in this section shall limit or prevent the exercise by any court of this state of its power to punish for contempt.

(d) As used in this section:

(1) "Immediate family member" means a judge’s spouse, child, parent or any other blood relative who lives in the same residence as such judge.

(2) "Judge" means any duly elected or appointed justice of the supreme court, judge of the court of appeals, judge of any district court of Kansas, district magistrate judge or municipal court judge.

(3) "Personal information" means a judge’s home address, home telephone number, personal mobile telephone number, pager number, personal e-mail address, personal photograph, immediate family member photograph, photograph of the judge’s home, and information about the judge’s motor vehicle, any immediate family member’s motor vehicle, any immediate family member’s place of employment, any immediate family member’s child care or day care facility and any immediate family member’s public or private school that offers instruction in any or all of the grades kindergarten through 12.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3815; L. 1992, ch. 239, §§ 159, 106, 161, L. 1992 ch. 298, § 53; L. 1993, ch. 291, §§ 100, 108, 109, 110; L. 1996, ch. 224, § 7; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 130, L. 2012, ch. 143, § 2; L. 2014, ch. 102, § 3; July 1.

21-5906. Criminal disclosure of a warrant.

(a) Criminal disclosure of a warrant is recklessly making public in any way, prior to the execution of such warrant the:

(1) Fact that a search warrant or warrant for arrest has been applied for or issued; or

(2) contents of the affidavit or testimony on which such warrant is based.

(b) Criminal disclosure of a warrant is a class B nonperson misdemeanor.

(1) When disclosure of the warrant is made at the request of a law enforcement officer for the purpose of assisting in the execution of such warrant;

(2) to personnel of a law enforcement agency disclosing a warrant:

(A) For the purpose of encouraging the person named in the warrant to voluntarily surrender; or

(B) issued in a case involving the abduction of a child unless such disclosure is specifically prohibited by the court issuing such warrant.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3827; L. 1978, ch. 120, § 2; L. 1986, ch. 124, § 1; L. 1992, ch. 298, § 59; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 118; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 131, July 1, 2011.

21-5907. Simulating legal process.

(a) Simulating legal process is:

(1) Distributing to another any document which simulates or purports to be, or is designed to cause others to believe it to be, a summons, petition, complaint or other legal process, with the intent to mislead the recipient and cause the recipient to take action in reliance thereon; or

(2) printing or distributing any such document, knowing that it shall be so used.

(b) Simulating legal process is a class A nonperson misdemeanor.

(c) This section shall not apply to the printing or distribution of blank forms of legal documents intended for actual use in judicial proceedings.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3820; L. 1992, ch. 298, § 56; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 113; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 132, L. 2012, ch. 150, §21; July 1.

21-5908. Witness or victim intimidation; definitions.

As used in sections 21-5909 and 21-5910, and amendments thereto:

(a) "Civil injury or loss" means any injury or loss for which a civil remedy is provided under the laws of this state, any other state or the United States;

(b) "victim" means any individual:

(1) Against whom any crime under the laws of this state, any other state or the United States is being, has been or is attempted to be committed; or

(2) who suffers a civil injury or loss; and

(1) Who has knowledge of the existence or nonexistence of facts relating to any civil or criminal trial, proceeding or inquiry authorized by law;

(2) whose declaration under oath is received or has been received as evidence for any purpose;

(3) who has reported any crime or any civil injury or loss to any law enforcement officer, prosecutor, probation officer, parole officer, correctional officer, community correctional services officer or judicial officer;

(4) who has been served with a subpoena issued under the authority of a municipal court or any court or agency of this state, any other state or the United States; or

(5) who is believed by the offender to be an individual described in this subsection.

History: L. 1983, ch. 108, § 1; L. 1986, ch. 123, § 2; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 133, July 1, 2011.

21-5909. Intimidation of a witness or victim.

(a) Intimidation of a witness or victim is preventing or dissuading, or attempting to prevent or dissuade, with an intent to vex, annoy, harm or injure in any way another person or an intent to thwart or interfere in any manner with the orderly administration of justice:

(1) Any witness or victim from attending or giving testimony at any civil or criminal trial, proceeding or inquiry authorized by law; or

(2) any witness, victim or person acting on behalf of a victim from:

(A) Making any report of the victimization of a victim to any law enforcement officer, prosecutor, probation officer, parole officer, correctional officer, community correctional services officer or judicial officer the secretary of the department of social and rehabilitation services or any agent or representative of the secretary, or any person required to make a report pursuant to K.S.A. 2011 Supp. 38-2223, and amendments thereto;

(B) causing a complaint, indictment or information to be sought and prosecuted, or causing a violation of probation, parole or assignment a community correctional services program to be reported and prosecuted, and assisting in its prosecution;

(D) arresting or causing or seeking the arrest of any person in connection with the victimization of a victim.

(b) Aggravated intimidation of a witness or victim is intimidation of a witness or victim, as defined in subsection (a), when the:

(1) Act is accompanied by an expressed or implied threat of force or violence against a witness, victim or other person or the property of any witness, victim or other person;

(2) act is in furtherance of a conspiracy;

(3) the act is committed by a person who has been previously convicted of corruptly influencing a witness or has been convicted of a violation of this section or any federal or other state’s statute which, if the act prosecuted was committed in this state, would be a violation of this section;

(4) witness or victim is under 18 years of age; or

(5) act is committed for pecuniary gain or for any other consideration by a person acting upon the request of another person.

(2) Aggravated intimidation of a witness or victim is a severity level 6, person felony.

History: L. 1983, ch. 108, §§ 2; 3; L. 1986, ch. 123, § 3; L. 1992, ch. 239, §§ 173, 174; L. 1993, ch. 291, §§ 122, 123; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 134, L. 2012, ch. 157, § 3; July 1.

21-5910. Civil remedies, court orders authorized.

(a) In its discretion and upon good cause, which may include, but is not limited to, the declaration of a party’s attorney, to believe that intimidation or dissuasion of any victim or witness has occurred or is reasonably likely to occur, any court having jurisdiction over any civil or criminal matter may issue any reasonable order necessary to remedy or prevent the intimidation or dissuasion, including, but not limited to, an order that:

(1) Any person before the court, including but not limited to a party, subpoenaed witness or other person entering the courtroom of the court, not violate any provision of this section or 21-5909, and amendments thereto;

(2) any person described in this section maintain a prescribed geographic distance from any specified witness or victim;

(3) any person described in this section have no communication whatsoever with any specified witness or victim, except through an attorney under such reasonable restrictions as the court imposes;

(4) calls for a hearing to determine if an order described in subsection (a)(1), (a)(2) or (a)(3) should be issued; or

(5) a particular law enforcement agency within the jurisdiction of the court provide protection for a victim or witness.

(b) Actions by a law enforcement agency pursuant to an order issued under subsection (a)(5) shall be considered to be police protection within the exemption from liability under the Kansas tort claims act for damages resulting from the failure to provide, or the method of providing, police protection.

(1) In the manner provided by 21-5909, and amendments thereto, when applicable;

(2) as a contempt of the court making the order. No finding of contempt shall be a bar to prosecution for a violation of 21-5909, and amendments thereto, but:

(A) Any person held in contempt shall be entitled to have any punishment imposed for contempt to be credited against any sentence imposed upon conviction of a violation of 21-5909, and amendments thereto; and

(B) any conviction or acquittal of a violation of subsection (a) or 21-5909, and amendments thereto, shall be a bar to subsequent punishment for contempt arising out of the same act; or

(3) by revocation of any form of pretrial release of a criminal defendant or by the forfeiture of bail and the issuance of a bench warrant for the defendant’s arrest or remanding the defendant into custody. After a hearing and upon a showing by clear and convincing evidence, the court, in its sound discretion, may order the revocation whether the violation was committed by the defendant personally or in any way caused or encouraged it to be committed.

(d) (1) Any pretrial release of any criminal defendant, whether on bail or under another form of recognizance, shall be considered as a matter of law to include a condition that the defendant will not commit, cause to be committed or knowingly permit to be committed, on the defendant’s behalf, any violation of this section or section 134, and amendments thereto. Knowing violation of that condition is subject to the sanction provided by subsection (c)(3) whether or not the defendant was the subject of an order under subjection (a).

(2) Any receipt for any bail or bond given by any court, or by any surety or bondsman and any written promise to appear on one’s own recognizance shall contain notice of the provisions of subsection (d)(1) in a conspicuous location.

(3) Any pretrial release of any criminal defendant whether on bail or under another form of recognizance who requests and is entitled to the assistance of counsel under the provisions of K.S.A. 22-4503, and amendments thereto, shall be considered as a matter of law to include a condition that the defendant shall pay the application fee prescribed by K.S.A. 22-4529, and amendments thereto, and the failure to pay such fee shall constitute a violation of this section. Knowing violation of such condition is subject to the sanction provided by subsection (c)(3) whether or not the defendant was the subject of an order under subsection (a).

History: L. 1983, ch. 108, §§ 4, 5; 6; L. 2003, ch. 123, § 1; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 135, July 1, 2011.

21-5911. Escape from custody.

(a) Escape from custody is escaping while held in custody on a:

(1) Charge conviction of or arrest for a misdemeanor;

(2) charge adjudication or arrest as a juvenile offender where the act, if committed by an adult, would constitute a misdemeanor; or

(3) commitment to the state security hospital as provided in K.S.A. 22-3428, and amendments thereto, based on a finding that the person committed an act constituting a misdemeanor or by a person 18 years of age or over who is being held in custody on a adjudication of a misdemeanor.

(b) Aggravated escape from custody is:

(1) Escaping while held in custody:

(A) Upon a charge conviction or arrest for of a felony;

(B) upon a charge adjudication as or arrest as a juvenile offender where the act, if committed by an adult, would constitute a felony;

(C) prior to or upon a finding of probable cause for evaluation as a sexually violent predator as provided in K.S.A. 59-29a05, and amendments thereto;

(D) upon commitment to a treatment facility as a sexually violent predator as provided in K.S.A. 59-29a01 et seq., and amendments thereto;

(E) upon a commitment to the state security hospital as provided in K.S.A. 22-3428, and amendments thereto, based on a finding that the person committed an act constituting a felony;

(F) by a person 18 years of age or over who is being held on an adjudication of a felony; or

(G) upon incarceration at a state correctional institution while in the custody of the secretary of corrections.

(2) Escaping effected or facilitated by the use of violence or the threat of violence against any person while held in custody:

(A) On a charge or conviction of any crime;

(B) on a charge or adjudication as a juvenile offender where the act, if committed by an adult, would constitute a felony;

(C) prior to or upon a finding of probable cause for evaluation as a sexually violent predator as provided in K.S.A. 59-29a05, and amendments thereto;

(D) upon commitment to a treatment facility as a sexually violent predator as provided in K.S.A. 59-29a01 et seq., and amendments thereto;

(E) upon a commitment to the state security hospital as provided in K.S.A. 22-3428, and amendments thereto, based on a finding that the person committed an act constituting any crime;

(F) by a person 18 years of age or over who is being held on a charge or adjudication of a misdemeanor of felony; or

(G) upon incarceration at a state correctional institution while in the custody of the secretary of corrections.

(2) Aggravated escape from custody as defined in:

(A) Subsection (b)(1)(A), (b)(1)(C), (b)(1)(D), (b)(1)(E) or (b)(1)(F) is a severity level 8, nonperson felony;

(B) subsection (b)(1)(B) or (b)(1)(G) is a severity level 5, nonperson felony;

(D) subsection (b)(2)(B) or (b)(2)(G) is a severity level 5, person felony.

(d) As used in this section and K.S.A. 21-5912, and amendments thereto:

(1) "Custody’’ means arrest; detention in a facility for holding persons charged with or convicted of crimes or charged or adjudicated as a juvenile offender; detention for extradition or deportation; detention in a hospital or other facility pursuant to court order, imposed as a specific condition of probation or parole or imposed as a specific condition of assignment to a community correctional services program; commitment to the state security hospital as provided in K.S.A. 22-3428, and amendments thereto; or any other detention for law enforcement purposes. "Custody" does not include general supervision of a person on probation or parole or constraint incidental to release on bail;

(2) "escape" means:

(A) Departure from custody without lawful authority; or

(B) failure to return to custody following temporary leave lawfully granted by:

(i) Express authorization of law;

(ii) order of a court; or

(iii) a custodial official authorized to grant such leave;

(3) "juvenile offender" means the same as in K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 38-2302, and amendments thereto; and

(4) "state correctional institution" means the same as in K.S.A. 75-5202, and amendments thereto.

(e) As used in this section, the term "charge" shall not require that the offender was held on a written charge contained in a complaint, information or indictment, if such offender was arrested prior to such of- fender’s escape from custody.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3809; L. 1982, ch. 134, § 1; L. 1986, ch. 123, § 1; L. 1992, ch. 298, §§ 88, 89; L. 1993, ch. 291, §§ 102, 103; L. 1995, ch. 193, § 12; L. 1996, ch. 185, §§ 1, 2; L. 1999, ch. 164, § 11; L. 2000, ch. 36, § 1; L. 2006, ch. 169, §§ 97, 98; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 136, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 39, L. 2012, ch. 150, § 22; L. 2018, ch. 112, § 7; July 1.

21-5912. Aiding escape.

(a) Aiding escape is:

(1) Assisting another who is in custody to escape from such custody; or

(2) supplying to another who is in custody any object or thing adapted or designed for use in making an escape; or

(3) introducing into an institution in which a person is confined any object or thing adapted or designed for use in making any escape.

(b) Aiding escape is a:

(1) Severity level 8, nonperson felony, except as provided in subsection (b)(2); and

(2) severity level 4, nonperson felony if such aiding escape is by an employee or volunteer of the department of corrections, or the employee or volunteer of a contractor who is under contract to provide services to the department of corrections.

(c) As used in this section ‘‘custody’’ includes custody on a charge or conviction of crime, on a charge or adjudication of a misdemeanor or felony, or on a commitment to the state security hospital as provided in K.S.A. 22-3428, and amendments thereto, based on a finding that the person committed an act constituting any crime.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3811; L. 1992, ch. 298, § 90; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 104; L. 1996, ch. 185, § 3; L. 2008, ch. 158, § 1; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 137, July 1, 2011.

21-5913. Obstructing apprehension or prosecution.

(a) Obstructing apprehension or prosecution is knowingly harboring, concealing or aiding any person who:

(1) Has committed or who has been charged with committing a felony or misdemeanor under the laws of this state, other than a violation of K.S.A. 22-4903, and amendments thereto, or another state or the United States with intent that such person shall avoid or escape from arrest, trial, conviction or punishment for such felony or misdemeanor; or

(2) is required to register under the Kansas offender registration act, K.S.A. 22-4901 et seq., and amendments thereto, and who is not in compliance with the requirements of such act with intent that such person shall avoid or escape from registration, arrest, trial, conviction, punishment or any criminal charges arising from the person's failure to comply with the requirements of such act.

(b) Obstructing apprehension or prosecution as defined in:

(1) Subsection (a)(1) is a:

(A) Severity level 8, nonperson felony if the person who is harbored, concealed or aided has committed or has been charged with committing a felony; and

(B) class C misdemeanor if the person who is aided has committed or has been charged with committing a misdemeanor; and

(2) subsection (a)(2) is a severity level 5, person felony.

History: L. 2010, ch. 136, § 138; July 1, 2011.

21-5914. Traffic in contraband in a correctional institution or care and treatment facility.

(a) Traffic in contraband in a correctional institution or care and treatment facility is, without the consent of the administrator of the correctional institution or care and treatment facility:

(1) Introducing or attempting to introduce any item into or upon the grounds of any correctional institution or care and treatment facility;

(2) taking, sending, attempting to take or attempting to send any item from any correctional institution or care and treatment facility;

(3) any unauthorized possession of any item while in any correctional institution or care and treatment facility;

(4) distributing any item within any correctional institution or care and treatment facility;

(5) supplying to another who is in lawful custody any object or thing adapted or designed for use in making an escape; or

(6) introducing into an institution in which a person is confined any object or thing adapted or designed for use in making any escape.

(b) Traffic in contraband in a correctional institution or care and treatment facility is a:

(1) Severity level 6, nonperson felony, except as provided in subsection (b)(2) or (b)(3);

(2) severity level 5, nonperson felony if such items are:

(A) Firearms, ammunition, explosives or a controlled substance that is defined in K.S.A. 2020 Supp. 21-5701, and amendments thereto, except as provided in subsection (b)(3);

(B) defined as contraband by rules and regulations adopted by the secretary of corrections, in a state correctional institution or facility by an employee of a state correctional institution or facility, except as provided in subsection (b)(3);

(C) defined as contraband by rules and regulations adopted by the secretary for aging and disability services, in a care and treatment facility by an employee of a care and treatment facility, except as provided in subsection (b)(3); or

(D) defined as contraband by rules and regulations adopted by the commissioner of the juvenile justice authority, in a juvenile correctional facility by an employee of a juvenile correctional facility, except as provided by subsection (b)(3); and

(3) severity level 4, nonperson felony if:

(A) Such items are firearms, ammunition or explosives, in a correctional institution by an employee of a correctional institution or in a care and treatment facility by an employee of a care and treatment facility; or

(B) a violation of subsection (a)(5) or (a)(6) by an employee or volunteer of the department of corrections, or the employee or volunteer of a contractor who is under contract to provide services to the department of corrections.

(c) The provisions of subsection (b)(2)(A) shall not apply to the possession of a firearm or ammunition in a parking lot open to the public if the firearm or ammunition is carried on the person while in a vehicle or while securing the firearm or ammunition in the vehicle, or stored out of plain view in a locked but unoccupied vehicle, and such person is either: (1) 21 years of age or older; or (2) possesses a valid provisional license issued pursuant to K.S.A. 75-7c03, and amendments thereto, or a valid license to carry a concealed handgun issued by another jurisdiction that is recognized in this state pursuant to K.S.A. 75-7c03, and amendments thereto.

(d) As used in this section:

(1) Correctional institution means any state correctional institution or facility, conservation camp, state security hospital, juvenile correctional facility, community correction center or facility for detention or confinement, juvenile detention facility or jail;

(2) care and treatment facility means the state security hospital provided for under K.S.A. 76-1305 et seq., and amendments thereto, and a facility operated by the Kansas department for aging and disability services for the purposes provided for under K.S.A. 59-29a02 et seq., and amendments thereto; and

(3) lawful custody means the same as in K.S.A. 21-5912, and amendments thereto.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3826; L. 1970, ch. 127, § 1; L. 1992, ch. 298, § 58; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 117; L. 1997, ch. 179, § 2; L. 1997, ch. 179, § 3; L. 2009, ch. 88, § 1; L. 2009, ch. 32, § 27, L. 2009, ch. 143, § 10; L. 2010, ch. 147, § 4, L. 2010, ch. 136, § 139, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 40, L. 2014, ch. 115, § 1; L. 2015, ch. 16, § 1; L. 2021, ch. 94, § 1; July 1.

21-5915. Failure to appear.

(a) Failure to appear is knowingly incurring a forfeiture of an appearance bond and failing to surrender oneself within 30 days following the date of such forfeiture by one who is charged with a misdemeanor and has been released on bond for appearance before any court of this state, other than the municipal court of a city, for trial or other proceeding prior to conviction, or knowingly incurring a forfeiture of an appearance bond and failing to surrender oneself within 30 days after such person’s conviction of a misdemeanor has become final by one who has been released on an appearance bond by any court of this state.

(b) Aggravated failure to appear is knowingly incurring a forfeiture of an appearance bond and failing to surrender oneself within 30 days following the date of such forfeiture by one who is charged with a felony and has been released on bond for appearance before any court of this state, or knowingly incurring a forfeiture of an appearance bond and failing to surrender oneself within 30 days after oneself’s conviction of a felony has become final by one who has been released on an appearance bond by any court of this state.

(2) Aggravated failure to appear is a severity level 10, nonperson felony.

(d) The provisions of subsection (a) shall not apply to any person who forfeits a cash bond supplied pursuant to law upon an arrest for a traffic infraction or cigarette or tobacco infraction.

(e) Any person who is released upon the person’s own recognizance, without surety, or who fails to appear in response to a summons or traffic citation, shall be deemed a person released on bond for appearance within the meaning of subsection (a).

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3813; L. 1970, ch. 124, § 5; L. 1977, ch. 105, § 9; L. 1992, ch. 298, § 54; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 106; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 140, July 1, 2011.

21-5916. False signing of a petition.

(a) False signing of a petition is knowingly affixing any fictitious or unauthorized signature to any petition, memorial or remonstrance, intended to be presented to the legislature, or either house thereof, or to any agency or officer of the state of Kansas or any of its political subdivisions.

(b) False signing of a petition is a class C misdemeanor.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3823; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 141, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 41, July 1.

21-5917. False impersonation.

(a) False impersonation is representing oneself to be a public officer, public employee or a person licensed to practice or engage in any profession or vocation for which a license is required by the laws of the state of Kansas, with knowledge that such representation is false.

(b) Aggravated false impersonation is falsely representing or impersonating another and in such falsely assumed character:

(1) Becoming bail or security, or acknowledging any recognizance, or executing any bond or other instrument as bail or security, for any party in any proceeding, civil or criminal, before any court or officer authorized to take such bail or security;

(2) confessing any judgment;

(3) acknowledging the execution of any conveyance of property, or any other instrument which by law may be recorded; or

(4) doing any other act in the course of a suit, proceeding or prosecution whereby the person who is represented or impersonated may be made liable to the payment of any debt, damages, costs or sum of money, or such person’s rights or interests may be in any manner affected.

(2) Aggravated false impersonation is a severity level 9, nonperson

felony.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3825; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 167; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 116; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 142, July 1, 2011.

21-5918. Dealing in false identification documents.

(a) Dealing in false identification documents is knowingly reproducing, manufacturing, selling or offering for sale any identification document which:

(1) Simulates, purports to be or is designed so as to cause others reasonably to believe it to be an identification document; and

(2) bears a fictitious name or other false information.

(b) Vital records identity fraud related to birth, death, marriage and divorce certificates is:

(1) Supplying false information intending that the information be used to obtain a certified copy of a vital record;

(2) making, counterfeiting, altering, amending or mutilating any certified copy of a vital record without lawful authority and with the intent to deceive; or

(3) obtaining, possessing, using, selling or furnishing or attempting to obtain, possess or furnish to another a certified copy of a vital record, with the intent to deceive.

(2) Dealing in false identification documents is a severity level 8, non-person felony.

(d) The provisions of this section shall not apply to:

(1) A person less than 21 years of age who uses the identification document of another person to acquire an alcoholic beverage, as defined in K.S.A. 8-1599, and amendments thereto; or

(2) a person less than 18 years of age who uses the identification documents of another person to acquire:

(A) Cigarettes or tobacco products, as defined in K.S.A. 79-3301, and amendments thereto;

(B) a periodical, videotape or other communication medium that contains or depicts nudity;

(D) an item that is prohibited by law for use or consumption by such person

(e) As used in this section, "identification document" means any card, certificate or document or banking instrument including, but not limited to, credit or debit card, which identifies or purports to identify the bearer of such document, whether or not intended for use as identification, and includes, but is not limited to, documents purporting to be drivers’ licenses, nondrivers’ identification cards, certified copies of birth, death, marriage and divorce certificates, social security cards and employee identification cards.

History: L. 1979, ch. 87, § 1; L. 1983, ch. 32, § 5; L. 1986, ch. 125, § 1; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 172; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 121; L. 2005, ch. 131, § 1; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 143, July 1, 2011.

21-5919. Performance of an unauthorized official act.

(a) Performance of an unauthorized official act is knowingly and without lawful authority:

(1) Conducting a marriage ceremony; or

(2) certifying an acknowledgment of the execution of any document which by law may be recorded.

(b) Performance of an unauthorized official act is a class B nonperson misdemeanor.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3819; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 163; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 112; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 144, July 1, 2011.

21-5920. Tampering with a public record.

(a) Tampering with a public record is knowingly and without lawful authority altering, destroying, defacing, removing or concealing any public record.

(b) Tampering with a public record is a class A nonperson misdemeanor.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3821; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 165; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 114; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 145, July 1, 2011.

21-5921. Tampering with public notice.

(a) Tampering with public notice is knowingly and without lawful authority altering, defacing, destroying, removing or concealing any public notice posted according to law, during the time such notice is required or authorized to remain posted.

(b) Tampering with public notice is a class C misdemeanor.

History: L. 1969, ch. 180, § 21-3822; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 146, July 1, 2011.

21-5922. Interference with the conduct of public business in public buildings.

(a) Interference with the conduct of public business in public buildings is:

(1) Conduct at or in any public building owned, operated or controlled by the state or any of its political subdivisions so as to knowingly deny to any public official, public employee or any invitee on such premises, the lawful rights of such official, employee or invitee to enter, to use the facilities or to leave any such public building;

(2) knowingly impeding any public official or employee in the lawful performance of duties or activities through the use of restraint, abduction, coercion or intimidation or by force and violence or threat thereof;

(3) knowingly refusing or failing to leave any such public building upon being requested to do so by the chief administrative officer, or such officer’s designee, charged with maintaining order in such public building, if such person is committing, threatens to commit or incites others to commit, any act which did or would if completed, disrupt, impair, interfere with or obstruct the lawful missions, processes, procedures or functions being carried on in such public building;

(4) knowingly impeding, disrupting or hindering the normal proceedings of any meeting or session conducted by any judicial or legislative body or official at any public building by any act of intrusion into the chamber or other areas designated for the use of the body or official conducting such meeting or session, or by any act designed to intimidate, coerce or hinder any member of such body or any official engaged in the performance of duties at such meeting or session; or

(5) knowingly impeding, disrupting or hindering, by any act of intrusion into the chamber or other areas designed for the use of any executive body or official, the normal proceedings of such body or official.

(b) Aggravated interference with the conduct of public business in public buildings, is interference with the conduct of public business, as defined in subsection (a), when in possession of any firearm or weapon as described in section 21-6301 or 21-6302, and amendments thereto.

(2) Aggravated interference with the conduct of public business is a level 6, person felony.

History: L. 1971, ch. 112, §§ 1, 2; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 170; L. 1992, ch. 298, § 60; L. 1993, ch. 291, §§ 119, 120; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 147, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 42, July 1.

21-5923. Unlawful disclosure of authorized interception of wire, oral or electronic communications.

(a) Unlawful disclosure of authorized interception of wire, oral or electronic communications is, with the intent to obstruct, impede or prevent such authorized interception, communicating to any person or making public in any way, other than as provided by law:

(1) The existence of an application or order for such interception issued pursuant to K.S.A. 22-2516, and amendments thereto; or

(2) the resulting investigation.

(b) Unlawful disclosure of authorized interception of wire, oral or electronic communications is a severity level 10, nonperson felony.

History: L. 1988, ch. 117, § 5; L. 1992, ch. 239, § 175; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 124; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 148, July 1, 2011.

21-5924. Violation of a protective order.

(a) Violation of a protective order is knowingly violating:

(1) A protection from abuse order issued pursuant to K.S.A. 60-3105, 60-3106 or 60-3107, and amendments thereto;

(2) a protective order issued by a court or tribunal of any state or Indian tribe that is consistent with the provisions of 18 U.S.C. § 2265, and amendments thereto;

(3) a restraining order issued pursuant to K.S.A. 2011 Supp. 23-2707, 38-2243, 38-2244 or 38-2255, and amendments thereto, or K.S.A. 60- 1607, prior to its transfer;

(4) an order issued in this or any other state as a condition of pretrial release, diversion, probation, suspended sentence, postrelease supervision or at any other time during the criminal case that orders the person to refrain from having any direct or indirect contact with another person;

(5) an order issued in this or any other state as a condition of release after conviction or as a condition of a supersedeas bond pending disposition of an appeal, that orders the person to refrain from having any direct or indirect contact with another person; or

(6) a protection from stalking, sexual assault or human trafficking order issued pursuant to K.S.A. 60-31a05 or 60-31a06, and amendments thereto.

(b) (1) Violation of a protective order is a class A person misdemeanor, except as provided in subsection (b)(2).

(2) Violation of an extended protective order as described in K.S.A. 60-3107(e)(2), and amendments thereto, and K.S.A. 60-31a06(d), and amendments thereto, is a severity level 6, person felony.

(c) No protective order, as set forth in this section, shall be construed to prohibit an attorney, or any person acting on such attorney’s behalf, who is representing the defendant in any civil or criminal proceeding, from contacting the protected party for a legitimate purpose within the scope of the civil or criminal proceeding. The attorney, or person acting on such attorney’s behalf, shall be identified in any such contact.

(d) As used in this section, "order" includes any order issued by a municipal or district court.

History: L. 1996, ch. 208, § 2; L. 2002, ch. 141, § 12; L. 2005, ch. 146, § 11; L. 2006, ch. 36, § 1; L. 2006, ch. 200, § 86; L. 2008, ch. 137, § 4; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 149, L. 2012, ch. 138, § 2; L. 2012, ch. 162, § 34; L. 2013, ch. 133, § 7; L. 2017, ch. 66, § 1; L. 2018, ch. 110, § 1; July 1.

21-5925. Kansas medicaid fraud control act; citation.

K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5925 through 21-5934 and K.S.A. 75-725 and 75-726, and amendments thereto, shall be known and may be cited as the Kansas medicaid fraud control act.

History: L. 1996, ch. 267, § 1; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 150, July 1, 2011.

21-5926. Definitions.

As used in the Kansas medicaid fraud control act:

(a) "Aggregate amount of payments illegally claimed" means the greater of: (1) The actual pecuniary harm resulting from the offense; (2) the pecuniary harm that was intended to result from the offense; or (3) the intended pecuniary harm that would have been impossible or unlikely to occur, such as in a government sting operation or a fraud in which the claim exceeded the allowed value. The aggregate dollar amount of fraudulent claims submitted to the medicaid program shall constitute prima facie evidence of the amount of intended loss and is sufficient to establish the aggregate amount of payments illegally claimed, if not rebutted;

(b) "Attorney general" means the attorney general, employees of the attorney general or authorized representatives of the attorney general;

(d) "claim" means an electronic, electronic impulse, facsimile, magnetic, oral, telephonic or written communication that is utilized to identify any goods, service, item, facility or accommodation as reimbursable to the medicaid program, or its fiscal agents, or which states income or expense and is or may be used to determine a rate of payment by the medicaid program, or its fiscal agent;

(e) "fiscal agent" means any corporation, firm, individual, organization, partnership, professional association or other legal entity which, through a contractual relationship with the Kansas department of health and environment division of health care finance and thereby, the state of Kansas, receives, processes and pays claims under the medicaid program;

(f) "family member" means spouse, child, grandchild of any degree, parent, mother-in-law, father-in-law, grandparent of any degree, brother, brother-in-law, sister, sister-in-law, half-brother, half-sister, uncle, aunt, nephew or niece, whether biological, step or adoptive;

(g) "medicaid program" means the Kansas program of medical assistance for which federal or state moneys, or any combination thereof, are expended as administered by the Kansas department of health and environment division of health care finance, or its fiscal agent, or any successor federal or state, or both, health insurance program or waiver granted thereunder;

(h) "medically necessary" means for the purposes of the Kansas medicaid fraud control act only, any goods, service, item, facility, or accommodation, that a reasonable and prudent provider under similar circumstances would believe is appropriate for diagnosing or treating a recipient’s condition, illness or injury;

(i) "pecuniary harm" means harm that is monetary or that otherwise is readily measurable in money, and does not include emotional distress, harm to reputation or other non-economic harm;

(j) "person" means any agency, association, corporation, firm, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, natural person, organization, partnership or other legal entity, the agents, employees, independent contractors, and subcontractors, thereof, and the legal successors thereto, and any official, employee or agent of a state or federal agency having regulatory or administrative authority over the medicaid program;

(k) "provider" means a person who has applied to participate in, who currently participates in, who has previously participated in, who attempts or has attempted to participate in the medicaid program, by providing or claiming to have provided goods, services, items, facilities or accommodations;

(l) "recipient" means an individual, either real or fictitious, in whose behalf any person claimed or received any payment or payments from the medicaid program, or its fiscal agent, whether or not any such individual was eligible for benefits under the medicaid program;

(m) "records" mean all written documents and electronic or magnetic data, including, but not limited to, medical records, X-rays, professional, financial or business records relating to the treatment or care of any recipient; goods, services, items, facilities or accommodations provided to any such recipient; rates paid for such goods, services, items, facilities or accommodations; and goods, services, items, facilities, or accommodations provided to nonmedicaid recipients to verify rates or amounts of goods, services, items, facilities or accommodations provided to medicaid recipients, as well as any records that the medicaid program, or its fiscal agents require providers to maintain;

(n) "sign" means to affix a signature, directly or indirectly, by means of handwriting, typewriter, stamp, computer impulse or other means; and

(o) "statement or representation" means an electronic, electronic impulse, facsimile, magnetic, oral, telephonic, or written communication that is utilized to identify any goods, service, item, facility or accommodation as reimbursable to the medicaid program, or its fiscal agent, or that states income or expense and is or may be used to determine a rate of payment by the medicaid program, or its fiscal agent.

History: L. 1996, ch. 267, § 2; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 151, L. 2010, ch. 136, § 151, L. 2014, ch. 89, § 1; July 1.

21-5927. Making a false claim to the medicaid program.

(a) Medicaid fraud is:

(1) With intent to defraud, making, presenting, submitting, offering or causing to be made, presented, submitted or offered:

(A) Any false or fraudulent claim for payment for any goods, service, item, facility, accommodation for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under the medicaid program, whether or not the claim is allowed or allowable;

(B) any false or fraudulent statement or representation for use in determining payments which may be made, in whole or in part, under the medicaid program, whether or not the claim is allowed or allowable;

(C) any false or fraudulent report or filing which is or may be used in computing or determining a rate of payment for any goods, service, item, facility or accommodation, for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under the medicaid program, whether or not the claim is allowed or allowable;

(D) any false or fraudulent statement or representation made in connection with any report or filing which is or may be used in computing or determining a rate of payment for any goods, service, item, facility or accommodation for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under the medicaid program, whether or not the claim is allowed or allowable;

(E) any statement or representation for use by another in obtaining any goods, service, item, facility or accommodation for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under the medicaid program, knowing the statement or representation to be false, in whole or in part, by commission or omission, whether or not the claim is allowed or allowable;

(F) any claim for payment, for any goods, service, item, facility, or accommodation, which is not medically necessary in accordance with professionally recognized parameters or as otherwise required by law, for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under the medicaid program, whether or not the claim is allowed or allowable; or

(G) any wholly or partially false or fraudulent book, record, document, data or instrument, which is required to be kept or which is kept as documentation for any goods, service, item, facility or accommodation or of any cost or expense claimed for reimbursement for any goods, service, item, facility or accommodation for which payment is, has been, or can be sought, in whole or in part, under the medicaid program, whether or not the claim is allowed or allowable.

(H) Any wholly or partially false or fraudulent book, record, document, data or instrument to any properly identified law enforcement officer, any properly identified employee or authorized representative of the attorney general, or to any properly identified employee or agent of the Kansas department for aging and disability services, Kansas department of health and environment, or its fiscal agent, in connection with any audit or investigation involving any claim for payment or rate of payment for any goods, service, item, facility or accommodation payable, in whole or in part, under the medicaid program.

(I) Any false or fraudulent statement or representation made, with the intent to influence any acts or decision of any official, employee or agent of a state or federal agency having regulatory or administrative authority over the medicaid program; or

(2) intentionally executing or attempting to execute a scheme or artifice to defraud the medicaid program or any contractor or subcontractor thereof.

(b) (1) Except as provided in subsection (b)(2), for each individual count of medicaid fraud as defined in subsection (a)(1)(A), (a)(1)(B), (a)(1)(C), (a)(1)(D), (a)(1)(E), (a)(1)(F), (a)(1)(G) or (a)(2), where the aggregate amount of payments illegally claimed is:

(A) $250,000 or more, medicaid fraud is a severity level 3, nonperson felony;

(B) at least $100,000 but less than $250,000, medicaid fraud is a severity level 5, nonperson felony;

(D) at least $1,000 but less than $25,000, medicaid fraud is a severity level 9, nonperson felony; and

(E) less than $1,000, medicaid fraud is a class A nonperson misdemeanor.

(2) For each individual count of medicaid fraud as defined in subsection (a)(1)(A), (a)(1)(B), (a)(1)(C), (a)(1)(D), (a)(1)(E), (a)(1)(F), (a)(1)(G) or (a)(2):

(A) When great bodily harm results from such act, regardless of the aggregate amount of payments illegally claimed, medicaid fraud is a severity level 4, person felony, except as provided in subsection (b)(2)(B); and

(B) when death results from such act, regardless of the aggregate amount of payments illegally claimed, medicaid fraud is a severity level 1, person felony.

(3) Medicaid fraud as defined in subsection (a)(1)(H) or (a)(1)(I) is a severity level 9, nonperson felony.

(c) In determining what is medically necessary pursuant to subsection (a)(1)(F) of this section the attorney general may contract with or consult with qualified health care providers and other qualified individuals to identify professionally recognized parameters for the diagnosis or treatment of the recipient's condition, illness or injury.

(d) In sentencing for medicaid fraud, subsection (c)(3) of K.S.A. 2013 Supp. 21-6815, and amendments thereto, shall not apply and an act or omission by the defendant that resulted in any medicaid recipient receiving any service that was of lesser quality or amount than the service to which such recipient was entitled may be considered an aggravating factor in determining whether substantial and compelling reasons for departure exist pursuant to K.S.A. 2013 Supp. 21-6801 through 21-6824, and amendments thereto.

(e) A person who violates the provisions of this section may also be prosecuted for, convicted of, and punished for any form of battery or homicide.

History: L. 1996, ch. 267, § 3; L. 2006, ch. 194, § 21; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 152, L. 2014, ch. 89, § 2; L. 2014, ch. 115, § 22; July 1.

21-5928. Unlawful acts relating to the medicaid program.

(a) No recipient of medicaid benefits, family member of such recipient or provider of medicaid services shall:

(1) Knowingly and intentionally solicit or receive any remuneration, including but not limited to any kickback, bribe or rebate, directly or indirectly, overtly or covertly, in cash or in kind:

(A) In return for referring or refraining from referring an individual to a person for the furnishing or arranging for the furnishing of any goods, service, item, facility or accommodation for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under the medicaid program; or

(B) in return for purchasing, leasing, ordering or arranging for or recommending purchasing, leasing or ordering any goods, service, item, facility or accommodation for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under the medicaid program.

(2) Knowingly and intentionally offer or pay any remuneration, including, but not limited to, any kickback, bribe or rebate, directly or indirectly, overtly or covertly, in cash or in kind to any person to induce such person:

(A) To refer or refrain from referring an individual to a person for the furnishing or arranging for the furnishing of any goods, service, item, facility or accommodation for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under the medicaid program; or

(B) to purchase, lease, order, or arrange for or recommend purchasing, leasing, or ordering any goods, service, item, facility or accommodation for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under the medicaid program.

(3) Knowingly divide or share any funds illegally obtained from the medicaid program.

(b) No medicaid recipient shall knowingly and intentionally trade a medicaid number for money or other remuneration, sign for services that are not received by the medicaid recipient or sell or exchange for value goods purchased or provided under the medicaid program.

(d) This section shall not apply to a refund, discount, copayment, deductible, incentive or other reduction obtained by a provider in the ordinary course of business, and appropriately reflected in the claims or reports submitted to the medicaid program, or its fiscal agent, nor shall it be construed to prohibit deductibles, copayments or any other cost or risk sharing arrangements which are a part of any program operated by or pursuant to contracts with the medicaid program.

History: L. 1996, ch. 267, § 4; L. 2006, ch. 183, § 4; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 153, July 1, 2011.

21-5929. Obstruction of a medicaid fraud investigation.

(a) Obstruction of a medicaid fraud investigation is knowingly and intentionally engaging in one or more of the following during an investigation of any matter pursuant to K.S.A. 21-3844 et seq., and amendments thereto:

(1) Falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact by any trick, misstatement, scheme or device; or

(2) making or causing to be made any materially false writing or document knowing that such writing or document contains any false, fictitious or fraudulent statement or entry.

(b) Obstruction of a medicaid fraud investigation is a severity level 9, nonperson felony.

History: L. 2006, ch. 183, § 3; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 161, July 1, 2011.

21-5930. Failure to maintain adequate records.

(a) Failure to maintain adequate records is negligently failing to maintain such records as are necessary to disclose fully the nature of the goods, services, items, facilities or accommodations for which a claim was submitted or payment was received under the medicaid program, or such records as are necessary to disclose fully all income and expenditures upon which rates of payment were based under the medicaid program. Upon submitting a claim for or upon receiving payment for goods, services, items, facilities or accommodations under the medicaid program, a person shall maintain adequate records for five years after the date on which payment was received, if payment was received, or for five years after the date on which the claim was submitted, if the payment was not received.

(b) Failure to maintain adequate records is a class A, nonperson misdemeanor.

History: L. 1996, ch. 267, § 5; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 154, July 1, 2011.

21-5931. Destruction or concealment of records.

(a) Destruction or concealment of records is intentionally destroying or concealing such records as are necessary to disclose fully the nature of the goods, services, items, facilities or accommodations for which a claim was submitted or payment was received under the medicaid program, or such records as are necessary to disclose fully all income and expenditures upon which rates of payment were based under the medicaid program. Upon submitting a claim for or upon receiving payment for goods, services, items, facilities or accommodations under the medicaid program, a person shall not destroy or conceal any records for five years after the date on which payment was received, if payment was received, or for five years after the date on which the claim was submitted, if the payment was not received.

(b) Destruction or concealment of records is a severity level 9, nonperson felony.

History: L. 1996, ch. 267, § 6; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 155, July 1, 2011.

21-5932. Defense of actions.

Offers of repayment or repayment occurring after the filing of criminal charges of payments, goods, services, items, facilities or accommodations wrongfully obtained shall not constitute a defense to or ground for dismissal of criminal charges brought pursuant to K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5925 through 21-5934 and K.S.A. 75-725 and 75-726, and amendments thereto.

History: L. 1996, ch. 267, § 7; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 156, July 1, 2011.

21-5933. Penalties; medicaid fraud reimbursement fund; medicaid fraud prosecution revolving fund.

(a) In addition to any other criminal penalties provided by law, any person convicted of a violation ofthe Kansas medicaid fraud control act may be liable for all of the following:

(1) Payment of full restitution of the amount of the excess payments;

(2) payment of interest on the amount of any excess payments at the maximum legal rate in effect on the date the payment was made to the person for the period from the date upon which payment was made, to the date upon which repayment is made;

(3) payment of all reasonable expenses that have been necessarily incurred in the enforcement of the Kansas medicaid fraud control act, including, but not limited to, the costs of the investigation, litigation and attorney fees.

(b) In addition to any other criminal penalties provided by law, any person convicted of a violation of the Kansas medicaid fraud control act shall, upon request of the attorney general at any time prior to sentencing, be subject to a fine of not less than $1,000 and not more than $11,000 for each violation of such act.

(c) All moneys recovered pursuant to subsection (a)(1) and (2), shall be remitted to the state treasurer in accordance with the provisions of K.S.A. 75-4215, and amendments thereto. Upon receipt of each such remittance, the state treasurer shall deposit the entire amount in the state treasury to the credit of the medicaidfraud reimbursement fund, which is hereby established in the state treasury. Moneys in the medicaid fraud reimbursement fund shall be divided and payments made from such fund to the federal government and affected state agencies for the refund of moneys falsely obtained from the federal and state governments.

(d) All moneys recovered pursuant to subsection (a)(3) shall be remitted to the state treasurer in accordance with the provisions of K.S.A. 75-4215, and amendments thereto. Upon receipt of each such remittance, the state treasurer shall deposit the entire amount in the state treasury to the credit of the medicaid fraud prosecution revolving fund, which is hereby established in the state treasury. Moneys in the medicaid fraud prosecution revolving fund may be appropriated to the attorney general, or to any county or district attorney who has successfully prosecuted an action for a violation of the Kansas medicaid fraud control act and been awarded such costs of prosecution, in order to defray the costs of the attorney general and any such county or district attorney in connection with their duties provided by the Kansas medicaid fraud control act. No moneys shall be paid into the medicaid fraud prosecution revolving fund pursuant to this section unless the attorney general or appropriate county or district attorney has commenced a prosecution pursuant to this section, and the court finds in its discretion that payment of attorney fees and investigative costs is appropriate under all the circumstances, and the attorney general, or county or district attorney has proven to the court that the expenses were reasonable and necessary to the investigation and prosecution of such case, and the court approves such expenses as being reasonable and necessary.

(e) All moneys recovered pursuant to subsection (b) shall be remitted to the state treasurer in accordance with the provisions of K.S.A. 75-4215, and amendments thereto. Upon receipt of each such remittance, the state treasurer shall deposit the entire amount in the state treasury to the credit of the false claims litigation revolving fund established by K.S.A. 2013 Supp. 75-7508, and amendments thereto.

History: L. 1996, ch. 267, § 8; L. 2001, ch. 5, § 80: L. 2010, ch. 136, § 157, L. 2014, ch. 89, § 3; July 1.

21-5934. Other remedies available as provided by law.

The provisions of K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 21-5925 through 21-5934 and K.S.A. 75-725 and 75-726, and amendments thereto, are not intended to be exclusive remedies and do not preclude the use of any other criminal or civil remedy.

History: L. 1996, ch. 267, § 1; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 160, July 1, 2011.

21-5935. Failure to register an aircraft.

(a) Failure to register an aircraft is knowingly possessing an aircraft that is not registered in accordance with the regulations of the federal aviation administration contained in title 14, chapter 1, parts 47-49 of the code of federal regulations.

(b) Failure to register an aircraft is a severity level 8, nonperson felony.

(c) The provisions of this section do not apply to any aircraft registration or information supplied by a governmental entity in the course and scope of performing its lawful duties.

History: L. 1994, ch. 348, § 18; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 162, July 1, 2011.

21-5936. Fraudulent aircraft registration.

(a) Fraudulent aircraft registration is:

(1) Presence, possession or operation of any aircraft in this state that is found to be registered to a nonexistent person, firm, business or corporation or to a firm, business or corporation which is no longer a legal entity is in violation of this section. Any firm, business or corporation that has no physical location or corporate officers or that has lapsed into an inactive state or been dissolved by order of the secretary of state for a period of at least 90 days with no documented attempt to reinstate the firm, business or corporation or to register its aircraft in the name of a real person or legal entity in accordance with federal aviation administration regulations;

(2) knowingly supplying false information by any person to a governmental entity in regard to the name, address, business name or business address of the owner of an aircraft in or operated in the state; and

(3) knowingly supplying false information by any person, firm, business or corporation to any governmental entity in regard to ownership by such person, firm, business or corporation or another firm, business or corporation of an aircraft in or operated in this state if it is determined that such firm, business or corporation:

(A) Is not, or has never been, a legal entity in this state;

(B) is not, or has never been, a legal entity in any other state; or

(C) has lapsed into a state of no longer being a legal entity in this state, and no documented attempt has been made to correct such information with the governmental entity for a period of 90 days after the date on which such lapse took effect with the secretary of state.

(b) Fraudulent aircraft registration is a severity level 8, nonperson felony.

(c) This section does not apply to any aircraft registration or information supplied by a governmental entity in the course and scope of performing its lawful duties.

History: L. 1994, ch. 348, § 19; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 163, July 1, 2011.

21-5937. Fraudulent acts relating to aircraft identification numbers.

(a) Fraudulent acts relating to aircraft identification numbers is knowingly:

(1) Buying, receiving, disposing of, distributing, concealing, operating, or having in possession or attempting to buy, receive, dispose of, distribute, conceal, operate, or possess, by any person, firm, business or corporation of any aircraft or part thereof on which the identification numbers do not meet the requirements of the federal aviation regulations; or

(2) possessing, manufacturing, or distributing any counterfeit manufacturer’s aircraft identification number plate or decal used for the purpose of identification of any aircraft or authorizing, directing, aiding in exchange or giving away any such counterfeit manufacturer’s aircraft identification number plate or decal.

(b) Fraudulent acts relating to aircraft identification numbers is a severity level 8, nonperson felony.

(c) The failure to have aircraft identification numbers clearly displayed on the aircraft and in compliance with federal aviation regulations is probable cause for any law enforcement officer in this state to make further inspection of the aircraft in question to ascertain its true identity. A law enforcement officer is authorized to inspect an aircraft for identification numbers:

(1) When it is located on public property;

(2) upon consent of the owner of the private property on which the aircraft is stored; or

(3) when otherwise authorized by law.

History: L. 1994, ch. 348, § 20; L. 2010, ch. 136, § 164, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 45, July 1.

21-5938. Failure to report the death or disappearance of a child.

(a) Failure to report the disappearance of a child is knowingly failing to report to a law enforcement officer, law enforcement agency or state investigative agency, as soon as practically possible, the disappearance of a child under the age of 13 by a parent, legal guardian or caretaker when:

(1) Such person knows or reasonably should know that such child has been missing, with the intent to conceal the commission of a crime, other than a violation of this subsection; or

(2) such person knows that such child is missing and has reason to believe that such child is in imminent danger of death or great bodily harm.

(b) (1) Failure to report the death of a child is knowingly failing to promptly report the death of a child to a law enforcement officer, law enforcement agency or state investigative agency, with the intent to conceal the commission of a crime, other than a violation of this subsection, by a:

(A) Parent, legal guardian or caretaker; or

(B) person required to make a report as provided in subsection (a) of K.S.A. 38-2223, and amendments thereto, unless such person is a parent, legal guardian or caretaker.

(2) The provisions of this subsection shall not apply when the child’s death has been reported by another person or is otherwise known by a law enforcement officer, law enforcement agency or state investigative agency.

(2) Failure to report the death of a child as defined in:

(A) Subsection (b)(1)(A) is a severity level 8, nonperson felony; and

(B) subsection (b)(1)(B) is a class B nonperson misdemeanor.

(d) As used in this section, "caretaker" means a person 16 years of age or older that had willfully assumed responsibility for the care of a child at the time of the child’s disappearance or death.

History: L. 2012. ch. 119, § 1; July 1.

21-5939. Unlawful acts involving an automated sales suppression device.

(a) Unlawful acts involving an automated sales suppression device is knowingly selling, purchasing, installing, transferring, manufacturing, creating, designing, updating, repairing, using or possessing an automated sales suppression device, zapper or phantom-ware.

(b) Unlawful acts involving an automated sales suppression device is a severity level 7, nonperson felony.

(c) In addition to any other criminal penalties provided by law, any person convicted of unlawful acts involving an automated sales suppression device may be liable for all taxes, interest and penalties due the state as a result of such unlawful acts.

(d) As used in this section:

(1) "Automated sales suppression device" or "zapper" means a computer software program, carried on a memory stick or removable compact disc, accessed through an internet link or accessed through any other means that falsifies the electronic records of electronic cash registers and other point-of-sale systems, including, but not limited to, transaction data and transaction reports;

(2) "electronic cash register" means a device that keeps a register or supporting documents through the means of an electronic device or computer system designed to record transaction data in any manner;

(3) "phantom-ware" means a hidden, pre-installed or installed at a later time programming option embedded in the operating system of an electronic cash register or hardwired into the electronic cash register that can be used to create a virtual second till or may eliminate or manipulate transaction records that may or may not be preserved in digital formats to represent the true or manipulated record of transactions in the electronic cash register;

(4) "transaction data" includes, but is not limited to:

(A) Items purchased by a customer;

(B) the price for each item;

(D) a segregated tax amount for each of the taxed items;

(E) the amount of cash or credit tendered;

(F) the net amount returned to the customer in change;

(G) the date and time of the purchase;

(H) the name, address and identification number of the vendor; and

(I) the receipt or invoice number of the transaction; and

(5) "transaction report" means a report including, but not limited to, the sales, taxes collected, media totals and discount voids at an electronic cash register that is printed on cash register tape at the end of a day or shift, or a report documenting every action at an electronic cash register that is stored electronically.

(e) This section shall be part of and supplemental to the Kansas criminal code.

History: L. 2018, ch. 104, § 1; July 1.

21-5940. False recording of a record.

(a) It shall be unlawful for any person to:

(1) Cause to be presented to a recorder of record for filing in any public record any lien or claim against any real or personal property when such person knows or reasonably should know that such lien or claim is false or contains any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement or representation;

(2) cause to be presented to a recorder of record for filing in any public record any document that purports to assert a lien against real or personal property of any person or entity that is not expressly provided for by the constitution or laws of this state or of the United States, does not depend on the consent of the owner of the real or personal property affected and is not an equitable or constructive lien imposed by a court with jurisdiction created or established under the constitution or laws of this state or of the United States;

(3) cause to be presented to a recorder of record for filing in any public record any financing statement pursuant to article 9 of chapter 84 of the Kansas Statutes Annotated, and amendments thereto, when such person knows or reasonably should know that the financing statement is not based on a bona fide security agreement or was not authorized or authenticated by the alleged debtor identified in the financing statement or an authorized representative of the alleged debtor;

(4) cause to be presented to a recorder of record for filing in any public record any document filed in an attempt to harass an entity, individual or public official, or obstruct a governmental operation or judicial proceeding, when such person knows or reasonably should know that the document contains false information; or (5) violate a court order issued pursuant to K.S.A. 58-4301, and amendments thereto.

(b) Violation of this section is a severity level 8, nonperson felony.

History: L. 2021, ch. 82, § 1; July 1.